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Low Co recovery - Coggle Diagram
Low Co recovery
Physical Losses
**High slag viscosity
:
Low bath temperature
Furnace matte
Furnace matte chemistry
Metallization (high metallization = high liquidus)
Low Fe in matte
Furnace Matte temperature
Matte taps - furnace levels
HOS availability and priority (Aisle flow)
Custom feed tons and bin addition timing
Shorten blow to provide reverse & top up
Aisle Flow
Waiting-down time - cool down the vessels
Slag chemistry
Insolubles (MgO, Al2O3)
flux quality
custom feed composition
Overfluxing
High Fe3O4 (solid)
Underfluxing in FV
flux composition
fluxing practices (timing)
flux measurement instruments
Flux target
Low Fe in transfer
operating practices
blowing time
Furnace matte chemistry (low Fe)
Cr in custom feed
PAD recipe
Tank recipe
Carry over matte in from HV
Skimming practices
High Bath temperatures
( bath level control)
Slag cleaning
Fixed settings/design
Cleaning step cut short
FV slag throughput and matte:slag ratio
Matte carry over in FV slag
FV skimming practices
FV reverse practices ( settling after a reverse)
Unmelted CF
Low bath temperature
Fce matte Fe and taps
Waiting -down time
Addition timing
CF recipe
CF Tergets
Chemical Losses
Co soluble as oxide (CoO) in HV slag
Furnace Matte chemistry
Low Fe
Low Metallization ???
Low Fe in transfer
Low Fe in furnace matte
excessive blowing
To keep heat balance
operator practices
FV slag quality
Poor Reverse practices in FV (for Co reduction)
FV Finish slag treatment
high FV bath temperature increases oxidation
overblowing
End point control
HV Slag chemistry
Fe/SiO2 control ( High ratio increases aFeO thus pO2)
Bath levels control ( matte: slag ratio not optimal)
High FV slag volume when 1HV down
Aisle flow ( HVs must be ready to treat FV slag to not slow the process)
Furnace matte availability ( Fce matte levels)
FeSi addition
FeSi addition target
FeSi addition practices
cleaning step coditions
Stirring time
Bath temperature
Co soluble as sulfide (CoS) in slag
Fluxing addition Fe/SiO2 control - low SiO2 in slag favors solufides solubility
Slag chemistry (other oxides) / Flux quality and CF additions
Furnace matte chemistry - low metallization ( the higher the S the higher the sulfides solubility)