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PT 1: Is subjectivity overly celebrated in the arts but unfairly condemned…
PT 1: Is subjectivity overly celebrated in the arts but unfairly condemned in history? Discuss with
reference to the arts and history.
overly celebrated
in the arts, too much subjectivity that anything goes, u accept anything
there is its own form of justification, but overwhelmingly available that it loses its values
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subjectivity
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why do we treat the role of subjectivity differently - in the arts and history (it goes back to the nature of the AoKs and how knowledge is produced in that AoKs.
unfairly condemned.
because historical inquiries require rigorous methods of inquiry (historians uncover the artefacts, interviews, parties whose perspectives were excluded)
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conjecture, cross referencing,
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PT 3: Nothing is more exciting than fresh ideas, so why are areas of knowledge often so slow to
adopt them? Discuss with reference to the human sciences and one other area of knowledge.
The Arts - cherish new ideas and produce/ materialize it in many ways; extend and adopt, numerous interpretations
what are fresh ideas? example: concept/ philosophy/ theory (leading to rise of movements, shifts in governance, etc.)
political theories - human nature is corrupted, therefore it can't be trusted at the basis of it. Pearson pg263
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mandated, duty, custodian
NS has its own methods - what characterizes is to follow the scientific processes (all those things experimentation, data, evidence based)
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what does 'so slow' mean? cautious? resources constraint? quality preservation? what characterizes the AoK?
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PT 4: Do we underestimate the challenges of taking knowledge out of its original context and
transferring it to a different context? Discuss with reference to two areas of knowledge
PT key concepts:
context : location, locality, situated at a particular point. setting (physical world/ objective reality)
original: basic, of origin, starting point,
underestimate: misjudge, the assumption that knowledge is interchangeable in other contexts,
the challenges: difficulties, hurdles, obstacles, limitation, restrictions,
do we underestimate? often we do, more in as opposed in other area.
Leonardi Da Vincci - in the original context, he envisioned that men can fly
reliability in NS vs in History: anything generated computationally or in lab (in its original context) applied in the real world. what would be the problem?
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RLE: maslow's hierarchy (original context, US based on interviews) vs self-actualization. assumptions are made that the generalization applies/works. - replicability (same method but different place)
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the scream - edvard munch existential crisis - some concepts are discussed commonly in a particular discipline, but when taken into a different discipline can bring into a different new level.
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stream of consciousness - originally in psychology, becomes a genre of its own when in the arts.
stream of consciousness - originally in psychology, becomes a genre of its own when in the arts. some things are difficult to articulate due to rigidness because it is not for laymen. but when adapted in the arts, it becomes more reachable to the laymen. i.e Virginia Wolf, Sylvia Plath, Walter Mitty.
PT 6: Are we too quick to assume that the most recent evidence is inevitably the strongest? Discuss
with reference to the natural sciences and one other area of knowledge.
too quick to assume: traditional, conventional, consensus,
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technology
trustable, give the most accurate answers
can be wrong, but we assume it is correct just because
humans are incapable of reaching the limits that technology can, beyond human capacity - therefore trust is necessary
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recent: latest, established
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dependencies on authority, power, truth, responsibility = strongest
we resist that recent evidence is the strongest because evidence can be valuable but the strength, reliability, potential biases, time factor can be questioned.
why must we oppose evidence being the strongest - too good to be true, suspension of disbelief, replication can help corroborate/ verify (bring in satisfaction)
consistency with existing knowledge, when it contradicts further investigation has to take place
anomalies, falsification, paradigm shift, recent - too early for its time
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PT 2: How can we reconcile the opposing demands for specialization and generalization in the production of knowledge? Discuss with reference to mathematics and one other area of knowledge