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History of International Human Rights Law - Coggle Diagram
History of International Human Rights Law
This is designed to protect indigenous populations from agressions.
They have to be recognised by the law and people.
Magna Carta 1215: King John forced to grant rights.
They were many magna cartas.( a very important document)
Cyrus the Great did not slave captured soldiers and recognized religious freedom.
British Rights Advance
1628: Petition of Right (signed by Charles I, at the beginning)
1649:Trial of Charles I.
1651:Hobbes writes about "consent of people."
1679:Habeas Corpus statute.
1688:Glorious Revolution, Bill of Rights.
1690: John Locke articulates theory of rights. ( he was very important for the creation of the american constitution)
Lord Mansfield's decision in Somersett v. Stewart.
Charles I, violated the petition of rights many times, he was executed
He was a king executed for his actions.
Building on British Principles
1776: Declaration of Independence (Thomas Jefferson)
Thomas Jefferson drafted the declaration of independence, a big statement to the world about the abuses, but if you read it carefully you can see that most of them are human rights violations.
1789: U.S. Constitution (Habeas included)
French Declaration of Rights of Man and Citizen
1791: U.S. Bill of Rights
French Constitution
19th Century
1807: Slave trade abolished by U.K. and U.S.
1833: Slavery abolished in U.K.
1861: Alexander II of Russia abolishes serfdom (affecting a larger number of people)
1861-65: U.S. Civil War
1863: Lincoln's Emancipation Proclamation (Leiber Code) (very important step on the prosecution of the war)
1863: Red cross organized
1865:13th Amendment in U.S. abolishing slavery
20th Century
WW I: Armenian persecution continued by the Turkish authorities at the beginning of the century.
Treaty of Versailles: ILO, trust territory principles, set up rules to not abuse minorities.
Voting rights for women expand
Prosecutions for alleged crimes in Germany and Turkey do not develop.
WWII and its aftermath
International Human Rights Law is developed.
This is the time when human rights really developed as a body of law.
International Law
Public International Law - dealing with laws relating to such topics as treaties, consular relations.
Private International Law - dealing with trade, international commerce, etc.
International Law depended on the principle of sovereignty, nations had the right to do anything in their own territory
A person has a right for free speech.
Equal rights means that states may not discriminate.
Human rights means tha we do not torture to get information.
Implementation of human rights involves the development of institutions this leads us to the organization of courts.
Regional Human Rights courts
International criminal courts
Categories of human rights
Civil and political rights - right to vote, free speech, due process, equality, no cruel treatment, privacy
Economic, social and cultural rights - food, housing, health care, education
This has been looked at shortly because of the development of the declaration of human rights.
There is a third one, this is a largely collective of rights like, right to clean environment and to develop.
The Nuremberg laws took away many of the rights of Jewish solely because of their race.
The 1935 Laws, or Nuremberg Laws
Banned extramarital relations between Jews and Germans.
Prohibited marriages between Jews and Germans or related blood.
Restricted Jews from hiring young female German workers.
Forbade Jews from displaying the German flag but allowed Jewish colors.
Imposed hard labor as punishment for violations.
Empowered government officials to create necessary regulations for enforcement.