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Opposition to Hitler - Coggle Diagram

- - - - They were disgusted by the brutality of the Nazi regime
      - Key people: Sophie and Hans Scholl(siblings)
        
        they enlisted a professor known to be critical of the Nazis
    - - The leaflets talked about the inhuman acts being commited in Germany's name
      - Avoided detection for over a year
      - In 1943 after the defeat at the Batlle of Stalingrad the White Rose spread more leaflets condemning Hitler for sending young men to their death
        
        Shortly after this a university porter exposed them
        
        five weeks from that they were arrested, tried and guillotined
        
        Rest of the university staff and students praised the porter for his patriotic act
    - - the groups couldn't match Hitlers intimidation tactics and didn't have the man power etc
  - - - In 1944 twelve Elderweiss members were hanged publicly
      - Gestapo claimed that the mevement had infiltrated the HitlerYouth
      - To stop the spread of Elderweiss Gestapo started hunting down the members
  - - - They were never formally a resistance movement
      - made a point of being non-political, they were social non-conformists
      - their appearance and actions didnt match Nazi ideals
        
        they were described as deviants
      - they were constantly harrased by the police
      - didnt accept Nazism
      - the light-hearted non-conformity of swingjugend contrasted the seriousness of Nazism
- - - - challenged his authority
        
        Oposite radical ideas from his own
  - - - turned into an illegal underground organization
      - NAZI party used force to make sure they stay down. Banned their newspaper and stormed their offices.
  - - - Last elections before Hitler outlawed them, they got 18,5%
- - - - ethical worries prevented
        many from thinking about
        Hitler's assassination
        
        By 1944 some Germans considered that assassinating Hitler was the only option left to save Germany
    - - Organized by Colonel Claus von Stauffenberg
      - Stauffenberg regularly attended Hitler's strategy meetings and therefore hoped he could blow up Hitler with a bomb
      - The planted bomb exploded and injured Hitler but he survived
        
        Hitler became more confident that
        providence was on his side
- - - - A Protestant pastor who attacked the Nazi cult of violence and intimidation. He was a part of the July Bomb plot.
        
        He was arrested after the plot.
    - - The Catholic Archbishop of Munster, he wrote sermons and writings where he would condemn the Third Reich's racial laws and said that the sterilization programme was a contrary to the will of God.
        
        After the Bomb Plot he was sent to a concentration camp
    - - Was a Protestant theologian who opposed the Nazis by setting up a Confessional Church
        
        He was sent to a concentration camp in 1938 and spent seven years there
        
        The Confessional Church was a church created during Nazi Germany to oppose the governments effort of unifying all Protestant churches into a single pro-Nazi German Evangelical Church.
    - - A Jesuit Priest who stood up for the Jewish people and denounced their persecution. He also condemned the euthanasia programme.
        
        He was arrested in 1941 and died two years later in a Berlin prison.
- - - - Due to the professional officer class weakening and Nazi foreign policy becoming more adventurous, many within the army entered an allience with concervative German politicians. There was a fear that Hitlers policies would spark a war, which then strengthened the resolve against Hitler
        
        General Ludwig Beck plotted a coup against the regime. He was afraid of the possibility of war and he assembled a group of conspirators who made contact with British Prime Minister Neville Chamberlain, but it fell through due to Chamberlains' policy of active appeasement and lack of support
        
        Beck began working with Friederich Goerdeler and they begun to to organize a network of military and conservative nationalist supporters with the intentions of ending Hitler state.
        
        The Beck-Goerdeler group produced Operation Valkyrie,
        the plan to kill Hitler
        
        The planned assassination was to be carried out by
        Claus von Stauffenberg
        
        Hitler survived and the retribution carried out against the plotters was swift and terrible
        
        Many military leaders were also involved but many preffered the prospect of arresting and putting Hitler in the dock on chargers of war crimes
        
        When Germany started having major losses, the group started gaining more support in Germany and from abroad (UK and US offcials)
        
        Czechoslovakia crisis brought these issues to a head
      - Field Marshals Blomberg and Fritsch were
        forced to resign, which led to Hitler becoming the supreme commander of armed forces
      - Army leaders who dared to question Hitler's foreign policy or his interference in the affairs of the military at the highest levels were
        dealt with in 1938