FEMINIST CEPHALAPOD MINDMAP
Liberal
DIFFERENCE feminist
Radical Feminist
Marxist feminism
The black feminists could also see that African American men were also being exploited and that problems they shared with those men as 'THE ENEMY' in the way radical feminists did.
Argue that the situation of women can be improved by changes such as new laws or individuals/families changing their lifestyle, e.g men doing more house work
Common view in the 1960s and early 1970s
They point out that men have always been able to work long hours because women have been doing the domestic work.
Liberal feminists criticised by other feminists for not recognising that patriarchy is deeply embedded in society and that equality is not achieved by passing laws but is instead achieved by individuals changing
Marxist feminists say that women's liberation can only be achieved by dismantling the capitalist systems in which they contend much of women's labor is uncompensated.
Black Feminism developed mainly in the US amongst African American women who felt they had little in common with white feminists.
They emphasize female exploitation through the idea of a dual burden
Women are doubly exploited in the workplace, as paid employees whose labour contributes to ruling-class profits, and in the home as unpaid workers whose labour mainly benefits men
In the UK the most important laws being passed were the Equal Pay Act and the Sex Discrimination Act.
The nuclear family suits men by exploids women
Difference feminist emphasize the difference between men and women. They disagree with liberal feminist who argue that men and women can be equal.
radical feminist use the term patriarchy to describe to describe the domination of women and children by men
BLACK FEMINISM
Duncombe and Marsden (1993)
Argued that women now perform a triple shift, the third element being thr time and efoort women invest in the psychological well-being of family members
Patriarchy says radical feminists will not be removed by the kind of changes liberal feminists argue for
Femal investment in their children’s and partner’s emotional well-being not only benefits men within the home, but also contributes to wider economic
Duel burden (double shift) : the idea that women perform ‘two shifts’, one inside the home as domestic labourers and one outside the home as paid employees
radical changes are required to remove patriarchy
Triple shift : where a female double shift refers to women’s roles as domestic and paid labourers, a third element of female responsibility is the emotional work they do - Investing time and effort in the psychological well-being of family members
"Black women are inherently valuable, that [Black women's] liberation is a necessity not as an adjunct to somebody else's but because of our need as human persons for autonomy."
Evaluation
CRITICISMS
- Exaggerating W exploitation in the family.
- Ignoring the growing equality in families.
- Over simple - the differences between W (CAgE).
- Ignoring examples of abuse of M in families.
BENEFITS
Shown how certain members of families (adult males) benefit more than others.
Raised awareness of DV.
They did research in areas of life (family) not explored before.
Analyzed the contribution of housework to the economy.
Corrected the previous masculine bias in the social sciences.
Germaine Greer (2002)
Germaine Greer (2000) argues that women remain obedient to their husbands.
She believes that single women are generally more happy than married women due to the high divorce rates..
Wives are more likely to suffer physical and sexual abuse than husbands. Daughters are often victims of sexual abuse by male relatives within family.
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Despite different visions, a few foundational principles do exist among black feminisms:
Black women’s experience of racism, sexism, and classism are inseparable.
Their needs and worldviews are distinct from those of black men and white women.
There is no contradiction between the struggle against racism, sexism, and all other-isms. All must be addressed simultaneously.