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DynamoDB, AWS Lambda, SQS, CloudFormation, CodeBuild, API Gateway, AWS…
DynamoDB
Actions
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Scan: allows you to scan an entire DynamoDB table and return all of the items. Less efficient than GetItem. Very slow when we have high number of records.
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Concurrency Model
Optimistic Locking: concurrent writes to the same data will be infrequent and that conflicts can be resolved without data loss.
Pessimistic Locking: concurrent writes to the same data will be frequent and that conflicts must be prevented. Use transactions.
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Catching strategies: 1-Write-Through: the app writes all data to the cache and to DynamoDB. This ensure that the cache is always up to date.
Transaction: is a group of operations that are performed together as a single unit. If any of the operations in a transaction fail, the entire transaction fails.
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AWS Lambda
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Event Source Mapping: Reads the events from the source and invokes
the lambda for you. SNS does not require Lambda Event source Mapping because is async.
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Reserved concurrency: is a hard limit on concurrency executions. You set a fixed number of concurrency. You pay for the configured reserved concurrency, even if the function requests is not up to the limit.
Provisioned concurrency: pre-warming instances to minimize cold starts. You pay for the provisioned concurrency based on the number of instances that are actively running.
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SQS
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Polling: method in which we retrieve messages from queue. Short polling may do calls with no messages on the queue. Long polling waits till have message in the queue.
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CloudFormation
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- Define Resources (parameter description)
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2. Stack Set (multiple stacks):Is a collection of stacks that deploy same set of resources across multiple AWS accounts and regions.
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CodeBuild
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Codebuild timeout: prevent long-running builds and ensures that the build process does not continue indefinitely.
buildspec.yml: provides the instructions to AWS CodeBuild on how to build, test, and package your source code.
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API Gateway
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Improve performance
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Kinesis Data Streams: stream incoming data to your backend API, reduce the burden of API Gateway endpoint.
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AWS Security
Secrets Manager
Rotate, manage, retrieve secrets
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API secrets, DB credentials, and other secrets. Not recommended for Certificates.
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SSM Parameter Store
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store API URLs, credentials...
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IAM
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Policy variables: creates generic policies that can be applied to a group of users with similar characteristics or roles.
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CodePipeline
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Automates the build, test and deploy phases.
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CodeDeploy
Deploy new applications versions to EC2 instances, on-prem servers and lambda functions.
Order of the hooks for in-place deployments: ApplicationStop>BeforeInstall>ApplicationStart>ValidateService
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appsec.yml: define deployment details such as which files to copy, where to install dependencies...
Amazon RDS
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Backup - Create a cron event in cloudwatch, which triggers an AWS Lambda function
POMA-M PostGreSQL,Oracle ,MariaDB,Aurora,MicrsoftSQL
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Cache Solutions
ElastiCache Redis: In-memory caching solution. All cluster nodes must reside in the same region. Supports encryption at rest and in transit. Provides high availabilty (creates replicas in different AZs). Cluster mode disabled -- max read replicas: 5
Elasticache-Memcache: is a simpler caching system. It is well suited for straightforward caching scenarios where you need to offload your database or cache objects with simple data structures.
Cache Aside(Lazy/ReadThrough): When a read request is received, the application first checks the cache. Minimize read request latency.
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Deployment Strategy
Blue/green: Blue is the production env and green the idle environment. New application version is installed in the green deployment. Once validates is switched to blue.
In-place: The application on each instance in the deployment group is stopped, the latest application revision is installed, and the new version of the application is started and validated.
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Kinesis
Data Streams
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backoff: when a consumer encounters an issue while processing record from shard. Then backoff allows to retry failed attemps to avois overwhelming.
Data Firehose
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SRES-S3, Redshift, ElasticSearch, Splunk
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EventBridge
event bus: events generated by S3, DynamoDB or Cloudwatch are sent to event bus.
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SNS
Subscriber: Receives messages from SNS topic. Kinesis Firehose, Lambda, HTTPs endpoints.
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CloudFront
Failover
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fails over to the secondary origin only when HTTP method is GET, HEAR or OPTIONS.