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Global Water Crisis - Coggle Diagram

- - - - Surface irrigation is the most used and it is used in 80% of fields, its efficiency is about 20-60%.
        Aerial irrigation is used in 10-15% of fields, its efficiency is around 60-80%
        Subsurface irrigation is used in 1% of fields and it is 75-97% efficient
- - - - distillation can be used as a water purification method to address the shortage of clean and safe drinking water. Distillation is an effective way to separate pure water from contaminants, such as salts, minerals, heavy metals, bacteria, and other impurities, making it suitable for areas facing water scarcity or where the available water sources are contaminated.
    - - Groundwater is the main source of water in oasis settlements such as those in the Sahara Desert and North Africa. However, groundwater supplies can be contained easily.
      - These are means of tapping into aquifers to gain access to groundwater. Aquifers provide approximately half of the world's drinking water, 40% of water used by industries and up to 30% of irrigation water
    - - Dams and reservoirs are affecting nearly 60% of the worlds major river basin
      - Globally the construction of dams has declined since the hight of the dam-building area of the 1960-70s. This is because most of the best sites for dams are protected by enviormental legislation. Another solution could be to increase the capacity of the already existing dams and resevroires by extending the hight of the dams.
    - - Cloud seeding is a weather modification technique used to increase precipitation by introducing substances into clouds, typically in an effort to increase rainfall or snowfall. Cloud seeding is not a direct solution to water scarcity, although it can be employed in certain regions as a part of a broader water resource management strategy.
  - - - Water is redistributed through water networks and grids over long distances. Although this method is used mainly in MEDCs, because of its costs, and it has limited abilities
    - - Promoting water conservation practices and improving water use efficiency in households, industries, and agriculture can reduce water demand and help ensure that existing water resources are used more sustainably.
    - - Implementing equitable water pricing mechanisms and tariffs can encourage responsible water use and fund infrastructure improvements. Higher prices for excessive water use can incentivize conservation.
    - - Collaborative efforts at the regional and international levels can address transboundary water issues and promote responsible water management in shared river basins.