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Respiratory Disease - Coggle Diagram
Respiratory Disease
Case definition
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Extrathoracic (airway)
Auscultation:
- Loud crackles: fluid in the airways
- Wheezes
Clinical Signs:
- Inspiratory dyspnea (diaphragmatic breathing)
- Wheezes, honks
Intrathoracic (lungs, interstitial)
Auscultation:
- Consolidated (w/ airway involvement): loud -> loud/incr sound in the abnormal area (same densities)
- Consolidated only: loud -> dull (transmission through lots of densities)
- Fine crackles: inspiratory pop (alveoli popping open at end of inspiration - due to pathology OUTSIDE the airways preventing them from easily opening, i.e. pulm edema)
- Muffled/dull in a specific area: abscesses, tumors, masses
Clinical Signs:
- Expiratory dyspnea (abdominal breathing/thumping)
Other - pleural
Ausculation:
- Pleural fluid: loud-> loss of sound (in a fluid line ventrally)
- Pneumothorax: loud-> loss of sound (dorsally)
- Pleural rub/friction
Clinical Signs:
- Intercostal breathing
- Orthopnea, abducted elbows
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Bovine
Calves
Viral
- Herpesvirus - IBR/BHV-1
- Coronavirus
- BVD
Dairy Calf Pneumonia
- 3-5 wks of age
- Due to exposure (mixing) and separation
- Mycoplasma (NO cell wall - NO beta-lactams)
- Same bugs as BRD
Classic Shipping Fever - Stocker/Feedlot Pneumonia (BRD)
- Feedlot calves that have been weaned
- Heavier, with other stuff going on
- Manneheimia: leukotoxin causes disease
- Pasterella
- Herpesvirus - IBR
- BVD
Location
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Air Tube
Increased lung sounds
Bronchopneumonia
Acute
- Depressed
- Still eating (rumen fill)
- Usually still mild-mod
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Treatment
Needs to get to airway
- Macrolides: Tulathromycin, other -mycins
- Used to use tetracyclines
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Misc
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Florfenicol: broad tissue distribution, gets into fat and consolidated tissue
Swine
Acute
- Depressed and not eating
- Depressed and coughing
Chronic
- Coughing and normal
- Prev coughing and now normal (recovered)
- Weight loss
Location
Airways
Bronchopneumonia
Mild
Treatment
- Recovered > Sick: Leave them alone
- Sick > Recovered: Intervene
Associated Pathology
- Focal lobular consolidation
Pathogens
- Primary - Influenza
- Secondary - Pasteurella
Pleural Disease
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- Fbrinous pleuritis
- Pericarditis
Has to have arrived via bloodstream
- G parasuis: G- bacteria that causes fibrin deposition
- Strep suis: G+ produces pus
Treatment - drugs that are in the blood
- Beta-lactams: ampicillin, amoxicillin
- Enrofloxacin
- NOT tetracyclines for Strep, ok for G parasuis
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