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Chapter 1.2 Psychology - Johana Maradiaga 10G - Coggle Diagram
Chapter 1.2 Psychology - Johana Maradiaga 10G
Structuralism
Wilhelm Wundt
Employed introspection in his lab.
Trained individuals gathered thoughts in controlled conditions.
Revolutionized the systematic study of human behavior historically.
Functionalism
William James
James' focus on practical aspects of thinking and behavior.
James' focus on practical aspects of thinking and behavior.
Functionalists' study of human and animal adaptation.
Inheritable Traits
Sir Francis Galton
Examining the genetics of skills and qualities.
Discovery of eminence running in families.
Galton's belief in genetic brilliance or distinction.
Gestalt Psychology
A group of German psychologist, including Max Wertheimer, Wolfgang Kolher, and Kurt Koffka.
Gestalt psychologists reject structuralism and behaviorism.
The cognitive approach emphasizes sensory interaction.
Foundation for the examination of mental processes.
Psychoanalytic Psychology
Sigmund Freud
Free association for uncovering unconscious processes.
The conflict between instincts and societal expectations.
Dreams as expressions of fundamental impulses.
The beginning of Psychology
Ancient Greek philosophers and the origins of modern psychology.
Renaissance and Enlightenment thinkers' interest in mind and body.
Plato and Aristotle's contributions to learning theories.
Behavioral Psychology
Ivan Pavlov
Psychologists use a cutting-edge strategy to study behavior.
Describing the impact of learning on individual characteristics.
Investigating behavior through examination of prior experiences.
Humanistic Psychology
Abraham Maslow, Carl Rogers, and Rollo May
Humanistic approach distinguishes itself from behaviorism and psychoanalysis.
Views human nature as evolving and self-directed.
Rejects the notion of people being controlled by external or unconscious forces.
Cognitive Psychology
Jean Piaget, Noam Chomsky and Leon Festinger.
Emphasis on the impact of mental processes like perception, memory, and expectation.
Asserting that behavior is not solely a reaction to environmental stimuli.
Investigating the role of internal mental processes in shaping behavior.
Biological Psychology
Psychologist who study body's influence on behavior.
Psychobiologists show inherited factors' significant influence on behavior.
Understanding the interplay between genetics and neurochemicals in human behavior.
Modern psychology explores associations with brain chemicals (neurotransmitters).
Sociocultural psychology
Sociocultural psychologist
Understanding how cultural factors impact interpersonal interactions.
Examining both differences and similarities in cultural contexts.
Contemporary psychology explores cultural and ethnic influences on behavior.
