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Consonants and speaking subroutines - Coggle Diagram
Consonants and speaking subroutines
English consonants
Stops (plosives)
[ b ]
voiced unaspirated bilabial stop
Unaspirated Stop
( -) fricative
(-) aspiration
(+) voice
Labial to Labial
Examples
Romanian bou [bow]
Russian рыба ['ribǝ]
Greogorian ბავშვი ['bavfvi]
[ f ]
unvoiced labial non sibilant fricative
Non-sibilant Fricative
(+) fricative
(-) aspiration
(-) voice
Labial to Dental
Examples
Greek φύση ['fisi]
Romanian foc [fok]
Slovak fúkať ['fu:kac]
[ t⁼ ]
unvoiced unaspirated apical alveolar stop
Apical to Alveolar
Unaspirated Stop
(-) fricative
(-) aspiration
(-) voice
Examples
Dutch taal [ta:f]
Hungarian tutaj ['tutoj]
Finish parta ['parta]
[ d ]
voiced unaspirated apical alveolar stop
Apical to Alveolar
Unaspirated
( -) fricative
(-) aspiration
(+) voice
Examples
Japanese 男性的 [dã'nse:teki]
Korean 아들 [adul]
Kabardian дахэ [da:xa]
[ k⁼ ]
unvoiced unaspirated dorsal velar stop
Back Dorsal to Velar
Unaspirate Stop
(-) fricative
(-) aspiration
(-) voice
Exaples
Russian короткий [ke'rotkij]
Mandarin 高 [kau]]
[ ɡ ]
voiced unaspirated back dorsal velar stop
Back Dorsal to Velar
Unaspirated Stop
(-) fricative
(-) aspiration
(+) voice
Examples
Korean 메기 [Megi]
Spanish gato ['gäto]
Hungarian engedély [engede:j]
Fricatives
[ f ]
unvoiced labial non sibilant fricative
Non-sibilant Fricative
(+) fricative
(-) aspiration
(-) voice
Labial to Dental
Examples
Slovak fúkať ['fu:kac]
Greek φύση ['fisi]
Romanian foc [fok]
[ v ]
voiced labial non sibilant fricative
Non-sibilant Fricative
(+) fricative
(-) aspiration
(+) voice
Labial to Dental
Examples
Persian [varze] ورزش
Irish bhaile [va:lǝ]
Hungarian veszély [vese:j]
[ θ ]
unvoiced apical alveolar non sibilant fricative
Non-sibilant Fricative
(+) fricative
(-) aspiration
(-) voice
Apical to Aveolar
Examples
Burmese သုံး [θòu]
Greek θάλασσα ['θalasa]
Arabic [θa:nija'] ثَانِيَة
[ ð̼ ]
voiced apical labial non sibilant fricative
Non-sibilant Fricative
(+) Fricative
(-) aspiration
(+) voice
Apical to Labial
Examples
Tangoa [ðatu]
[ s̺ = s ]
unvoiced apical alveolar sibilant fricative
Silabant Fricative
(+) fricative
(-) aspiration
(-) voice
Apical to Alveolar
Examples
English stand [st ænd]
Persian [sib] سیب
Hindi साल [sa:l]
[ z̻ ]
voiced laminal alveolar sibilant fricative
Sibilant Fricative
(+) fricative
(-) aspiration
(+) voice
Laminal to Alveolar
ʃ
Sheep
Wish
Election
Mission
Chicago
Social
Sugar
/ʒ/
[ h ]
unvoiced aspirated radical glottal non sibilant fricative
Non-sibilant Fricative
(+) fricative
(-) aspiration
(-) voice
Radical to Glottal
Affricates
tʃ
Chain
Nature
Match
Cello
Question
dƷ
Gem
Joke
Edge
Education
soldie
Adjust
exaggeerraate
region
Nasals
[ m ]
voiced bilabial nasal stop
Nasal Stop
(+) nasal
(+)voice
Labial to labial
Examples
Mandarin [mu tehin]]母親
Georgian სამი ['sami]
Korean 엄마 [Amma]
[ n ]
voiced apical alveolar nasal stop
Nasal Stop
(+) nasal
(+) voice
Apical to Alveolar
Examples
Hawaiian naka [naka]
Malay nasi [näsi]
Slovene novice [no'vìtsε]
[ ŋ ]
voiced back dorsal velar nasal stop
Nasal Stop
(+)nasal
(+)voice
Back Dorsal to velar
Examples
Persian [raeing] رنگ
Thai งาน [nan]
Shanghai Wu 五 [n]
Approximants
l
lip
Yelllow
Bottle
[ ɹ̠˔ ]
voiced apical postalveolar non sibilant fricative
Non-sibilant Fricative
(+) fricative
(-) aspiration
(+) voice
Apical to Postalveolar
Examples
Dutch meer [me:r+]
j
you
onion
use
few
feud
w
wet
what
Subroutines
breathing
Egressive mechanism
air goes out
elasticity
elastic tissue on lung
Click
Trap air
between
tongue
palate
low presure
lowering tongue
trapped area
increase
Examples
mocking
ironic
velaric sound
back of the tongue
IPA symbol
[l]
voicing
aka Phonation
uses
larynx
vocal cord
aka folds
open and close
100-400 times a second
[zzzz]
vibrations
vocal chords
muscle activity
not voluntary
Sustained voicing
voluntarily
start
end
abduction
vocal chords open
aducction
closed
ready for voicing
Automatic speaking habit
intricate changes
vocal chord
vibrations
iniciate
stop
Dynamic proces
dynamic mio-elastic
intensity and loudnes
modal voicing
vocal chords
along their lenght
open
close
Glottis
Space between
vocal chords
Glottal stop
closed syllabus
Whispering
incomplete closure
vocal chords
arytenoid end
glottis
Breathy voice
vocal chords
not aducted
muscle tension
Creaky Voice
vocal folds
thick
open
partiallly
articulation
activity
organs
above larynx
see on mirror
Active articulator
organs
voluntary
move
produce
speach sounds
are
tongue
lips
jaw
soft palate
Passive articulators
Spatial targets
movements
active articulatorrs
are
teeth
alveolar ridge
hard and soft palate
uvula
pharynx
tongue
versatil
agile
can
form shapes
touch parts inside the mouth
muscles
instrinc
attached to other parts of the body
extinsic
intricate coordinations
achiving desired shapes
actions required tonge
5 mayor regions
tip
blade
body
back
root
active articulator
lips
tasks
rounding
profusion
muscle
orbiculares oris
active articulator
soft palate
aka velum
elusive articulator
passive articulator
[k]
[y]
active articulator
move vertically
lowering
raising
nasal sounds
[m]
[n]
adjectives
Labial
articulator
lips
description
involving one or both lips, rounding
Dental
articulator
teeth
description
involving teeth
Lingual
articulator
Tongue
description
involving the tongue for constriction inside the mouth
Apical
description
Activity of the tip of the tongue; touching, curling
articulator
Tip
Laminal
articulator
blade
description
Constriction between the back of the tongue and soft palate
Dorsal
Articulator
Back
description
Constriction between the tongue back and pharyngeal wall
Radical
articulator
Root
description
Constriction between the tongue root and the pharyngeal wall
Glottal
description
Constriction between the two vocal chords
articulator
vocal chords