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COMPUTER - Coggle Diagram
COMPUTER
CLASSIFICATION
EMBEDDED SYSTEMS
An
embedded system
is a
microprocessor-based computer hardware
and
software system
designed to
perform specific tasks independently or as part of a larger system, utilizing an integrated circuit for real-time computing
.
Embedded systems,
controlled by
FPGA, GPU technology, gate arrays, ASIC, and microcontrollers,
are integrated with parts for handling mechanical and electrical interfaces.
The
Apollo Guidance Computer
,
developed in the
1960s
for the
Apollo Program
,
was the
first real-time embedded computing system
.
Its mission-critical calculations and data collection capabilities later influenced microcontroller-based embedded systems in daily life.
PERSONAL COMPUTERS
A
personal computer
is a
low-cost, single-user home computer
designed
using microprocessor technology, integrating the CPU into a single chip.
PCs are
commonly used for
internet access, gaming, and multimedia entertainment
, but they can also be linked to form a local network.
In the 1980s
,
personal computers gained popularity due to their efficient operating systems and user-friendly interfaces.
The
Kenbak-1
,
introduced in 1971
,
is considered the first
"personal computer"
due to its 256 bytes of memory and lack of a CPU.
SERVERS
Because
they allow for the smooth transfer of services and data across devices that are connected
,
servers
are
essential to the
operation of the network and the Internet
.
File servers
are
electronic filing cabinets
that securely store and
make available important network data, such as patient information, to enterprises and organizations
.
A
server
is
a
piece of hardware or software
that receives and processes network-based requests
. A
client
is
a device that requests something from a server and then waits for its reply.
MINI-COMPUTERS
A
machine
that was
more costly yet
more potent than a personal computer
, but smaller, less costly, and
not as capable as a mainframe or supercomputer.
Gained popularity in the late 1950s
and
reached peak usage in the 1960s and 1970s
before declining in popularity in the 1980s and 1990s.
Used when conducting
commercial transactions, handling files, and database management all involved calculations for science and engineering.
MAINFRAME COMPUTERS
Compared to servers and microcomputers,
mainframes
have
higher computing power
, although they are less powerful than supercomputers.
The tasks that mainframes have traditionally performed
are still being worked on diligently
. For their most important corporate operations, mainframes are still used by 67 of the Fortune 100 companies.
Mainframes
are
high-throughput computers
designed for transaction processing, involving disk read, write, operating system calls, and data transmission from subsystems to another
.
SUPER COMPUTER
A
machine
capable of operating at or very close to the maximum rate possible.
Supercomputer architectures
consist of numerous central processing units (CPUs) organized into storage and function units
, allowing thousands of units to work in parallel to solve issues.
In sectors that need
heavy computing resources, such as science, engineering simulations, weather forecasting, molecular modeling, cryptography, and others
, supercomputers are frequently used.*
