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Hybird model of crisis intervention - Coggle Diagram
Hybird model of crisis intervention
Task 2: PROBLEM EXPLORATION: DEFINING THE CRISIS
Define and understand the problem from the client's POV.
Practice empathy, genuineness and acceptance or positive regard.
Doesn't mean attempting to identify the precipitating events across the affective, behavioral and cognitive components of the crisis.
Use expansion strategy to broaden the client's POV of the problem without letting the problem escalate
"tell me what got you so mad and frustrated you needed to get everybody’s attention"
Task 3: PROVIDING SUPPORT
Psychological support
Deep, empathic responding using reflection of feelings and owning statements about the client’s present condition serves as a bonding agent that says emphatically, “I am with you right here.
Logistical support
Ranging from providing pamphlets to arranging transportation of clients to organizations that have the resources needed to help them to simply giving them a drink of water.
Encouragement is a critical component because, for most clients, what they are going through is anything but encouraging. Catching clients’ even feeble attempts to problem-solve gives them a chance to regain some hope, validates that they still have capabilities, and starts reframing thinking toward a proactive, problem-solving mode
Social support
means activating clients’ primary support system:
Informational support
provide information on where, how, who, and what resources clients can access to get out of the predicament they are in. That is particularly true of people who after a disaster are trying to access the basic necessities of living.
DEFAULT TASK: SAFETY
If a person’s basic physical needs are not being met, it is unlikely that the crisis will diminish until those needs are met.
Safety also includes assuring clients that they are psychologically safe.
Task 1: Predispositioning – engaging – initiating contact
Predisposing individuals to be receptive to our intervention when they may not be at all enthused about our presence
Has a lot to do with the attitudinal set and predisposition of how the crisis workers enters the situation
predispositioning the client as to what to expect is critical. let the client know what is going to occur
Entablish psychological connection: introduce yourself in a nonthreatening way, helpful and assumes a problem-solving
Get the client's name
Say your full name before rank or department
Attempt to convey empathic understanding. Reflect emotions.
Clarifying intentions: inform the client about what the crisis intervention process is and what the client expect to happen
TASK 4: EXAMINING ALTERNATIVES
Situational supports
are people known to the client in the present or past who might care about what happens to the client.
Coping mechanisms
are actions, behaviors, or environmental resources the client might use to help get through the present crisis.
Positive and constructive thinking patterns
on the part of the client are ways of reframing that might substantially alter the client’s view of the problem and lessen the client’s level of stress and anxiety.
Examining alternatives is literally a “right here, right now” activity. Rapidly changing conditions may mean discarding old options that worked a half hour ago for completely new ones
TASK 5: PLANNING IN ORDER TO REESTABLISH CONTROL
Reestablishing control means help- ing clients create a plan to guide them in the resolution of the crisis. Such a plan needs to consider what options are available to the client and what choices need to be made in regard to those options.
A plan should
Identify additional persons, groups, and other referral resources that can be contacted for immediate support
Provide coping mechanisms—something concrete and positive for the client to do now, definite action steps that the client can own and comprehend.
Planning is done in collaboration with clients so that clients feel a sense of ownership of the plan
The critical element in developing a plan is that clients do not feel robbed of their power, independence, and self-respect.
It should be emphasized that planning is not what clients are going to do for the rest of their lives. Planning is about getting through the short term and getting some semblance of equilibrium and stability restored. Most plans in crisis intervention are measured in minutes, hours, and days, not weeks, months, or years.
TASK 6: OBTAINING COMMITMENT
The commitment step is clear, concise, and behaviorally specific. As a result, it is clear to the client what he or she is going to do and what the worker will do.
The objective is to enable the client to commit to taking one or more definite, positive, intentional action steps designed to move that person toward restoring precrisis equilibrium.
Commitments should be free, voluntary, and believed to be doable
It may consist of
asking the client to verbally summarize the plan.
Handshake
In some incidents where lethality is involved, the commitment may be written down and signed by both parties.
TASK 7: FOLLOW UP
following up in a time frame of minutes, hours, and days.
keeping track of clients’ success in main- taining precrisis equilibrium, not whether they are maintaining long-term goals or changing deep-seated personality traits.
Short-term follow-up is also important as a reinforc- ing event that tells clients you are still in this with them. Engaging in follow-up is extremely important when cli- ents have little other social support system.