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Chapter 12 Interactions within Ecosystem - Coggle Diagram
Chapter 12
Interactions within Ecosystem
factors that affect survival of organisms
organism
a living thing that has an organized structure
population
organisms of the same kind living in the same environment
community
different populations of plants and animals living and interacting in the same environment
ecosystem
a community in its physical environment
our actions to the environment
good
recycling
reforestation
bad
wasting food
wasting water
factors that affect survival of organisms
physical factors
temperature of surroundings
acidity of water
presence of light
can be measured using
data loggers
or
probes
adaptations
plant adaptations
structural
big leaves
thick tree trunks
animal adaptations
structural
scales
sharp teeth/claws
behavioral
bury itself into the ground to hide from predators
throw sand at predators
curls up into a ball to protect itself from predators
acts dead to make predators lose interest towards it
food chain and webs
energy
animals obtain by consuming food
decreases after each stage of the food chain
grass → rabbit → snake → eagle
the grass has the
most
amount of energy and the eagle receives the
least
amount of energy
interrelationships
predator-prey relationship
predators
hunt and kills prey
prey
becomes food for the predator
uses adaptations to avoid being killed by a predator
predator adaptations:
structural
strong claws/teeth
behavioral
agility
stealth
camouflage
mimicking their prey
prey adaptations:
structural
horns/stingers or other
sharp body structures
to
defend themselves
small sized to get away
easily
changing its size to
intimidate
predators (puffing up fur or inflating body)
behavioral
camouflage
mimicry (copying the
appearance
,
actions
, or
sounds
of another animal to
scare away/confuse
the predator)
mutualism
two or more organisms supporting or benefitting one another.
oxpecker (a kind of bird) and the rhino. oxpeckers land on rhinos and
eat ticks
that live on their skin. the oxpeckers
obtain food
and the rhino is able to
rid itself
of harmful ticks.
parasitism
an organism causing harm to another organism without killing it.
tapeworms (a type of parasite)
feed
on the
host
, which is the human intestine. it
absorbs nutrients
from the human body.
commensalism
two organisms in which one benefits and the other derives neither benefit nor harm.
Egrets (a type of bird) always
forage close
to where cattle (umbrella term for cows, ox etc.) are
grazing
because when cattle move around, they
stir up
and
flush out insects
from the
vegetation
that otherwise might be
difficult
for the egrets to find and catch.