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Sem 2 Overview - Coggle Diagram
Sem 2 Overview
How we can hear soundwaves
1)
Sound waves
go into the ear through the
ear canal
. The
pinna
helps us detect where the sound is coming from.
2) The waves vibrate the
ear drum
.
3) The vibration of the
ear drum
vibrates the
ossicles
.
4) The vibrations travel through the
semicircular canals
, into the
cochlea
.
5) The
cochlea
transfers waves into electrical signals which our brain can comprehend.
6) The signals travel through the
auditory nerve
to the brain.
Pinna
The visible part of your ear, the part sticking out. It helps us detect where sound is coming from and redirect the sound waves so we can hear better.
Ear drum
Very sensitive to the vibrations of sound waves. It starts the vibrations that go to the cochlea.
Ossicles
They vibrate with the ear drums. First the malleus, then the incus, then the stapes; together, they are the ossicles.
Cochlea
Almost like a shell; very swirly. Filled with a liquid substance. Little hairs in the cochlea transfer the soundwaves into electrical signals to be sent to the brain to be comprehended as sound.
Auditory nerve
Carries electrical signals to the brain to be comprehended as sound.
What is a wave?
Types of waves
Transverse waves
The type of wave where molecules
travel up and down
from the original position.
Light waves
are a type of transverse wave. They
are what we see.
Longitudinal waves
The type of wave where the energy pushes molecules
left and right
from the original position.
Mechanical waves
Mechanical waves need a
physical medium
to pass through and are caused by
physical movement
.
Sound waves
are a type of mechanical wave and longitudinal wave. They
are what we hear.
Parts of a wave
Amplitude
The
distance
from the equilibrium line to the highest or lowest point.
Frequency
How many
times a wavelength occurs
in a second.
Time period
How
long it takes for a wavelength
to occur.
Wave length
How
long one wave
is.
How we can see light
Light goes into our
pupil
.
A pupil is the dark circle in the middle of your iris. It is a hole where light can go in.
Your iris is the colored visible part of your eye. It opens and closes based on how much light should enter the pupil (e.g. in dark rooms, more light needs to enter, so the iris opens up).
The light gets transferred into electrical signals, which get sent to the brain with the optic nerves and retinal blood vessels.
The retina is covered with
rod cells and cone cells
that help comprehend black and white and colors respectively.
Rod cells help you see in dark areas, but they are not sensitive to colors and only black and white. This is why you can't see colors when you are in a dark room.
Cone cells help you see in areas with light. This is why you can see colors in lightened areas.