Please enable JavaScript.

Coggle requires JavaScript to display documents.

THE ENDOCRINE SYSTEM - Coggle Diagram

- - - - two types
        
        amino acid-based hormones
        
        lipid based-hormones
    - - neural stimuli
      - humeral stimuli
      - hormonal stimuli
    - - Hypothalamus
        
        which secretes inhibiting and releasing factors for
        
        Anterior Pituitary
        
        luteinizing hormone
        
        targeting
        
        ovaries / testesfor ovulation, luteinization of follicle / testosterone secretion
        
        follicle stimulating hormone
        
        targeting
        
        ovaries/ testes for ovarian follicle growth, estrogen secretion / spermatogenesis
        
        prolactin
        
        targeting
        
        mammary gland for milk secretion
        
        adrenocorticotropic hormone
        
        targeting
        
        adrenal cortex for cortisol secretion
        
        thyroid stimulating hormone
        
        tagreting
        
        thyroid gland for thyroid hormone secretion
        
        growth hormone
        
        targeting
        
        all tissues for growth; carbohydrate, protein and fat metabolism
        
        produces for
        
        Posterior Pituitary
        
        Oxytocin
        
        which targets
        
        uterus for contractions in childbirth and lactation after childbirth
        
        vasopressin
        
        which targets
        
        kidneys for retention of water
- - - - dwarfism & gigantism
        
        caused by
        
        imbalance in growth hormone
      - diabetes insipidus / diabetes mellius
        
        caused by
        
        a lack of insulin / lack of vasopressin
      - hyperthyroidism
        
        caused by
        
        excessive thyroid hormones
      - cushing's syndrome
        
        caused by
        
        excessive cortisol
- - - - Pineal Gland
        
        Secretes
        
        Melatonin to regulate sleep wake cycle and circadian rhythm
      - Adrenal Gland
        
        Adrenal Medulla (Inner Part)
        
        Secretes
        
        Catecholamines (Adrenaline & Noradrenaline) all tissues for metabolism, heart rate and output, response to stress and exercise
        
        Adrenal Cortex(Outer part)
        
        Secretes
        
        Cortisol in all tissues for metabolism, response to stress and exercise
        
        Aldosterone in kidneys for sodium, potassium and pH balance
        
        DHEA& androgenic steroids in heart for male hormone replacement and in the therapy of malignancies
      - Thyroid Gland
        
        Secretes
        
        T3
        
        Most tissues for growth and development
        
        T4
        
        Most tissues for metabolic rate
        
        Calcitonin
        
        Bone for plasma calcium and phosphate (lowers)
      - Pancreas
        
        Secrete
        
        Glucagon (alpha)
        
        Primarily liver
        
        Blood glucose (elevates)
        
        Insulin (Beta)
        
        Most tissues, notably muscle and liver
        
        Glucose utilization;
        blood glucose (lowers)
      - Parathyroid Gland
        
        Secretes
        
        Parathormone to maintain calcium homeostasis
      - Gonads
        
        secrete
        
        estrogen
        
        regulates female reproductive development and menstrual cycle
        
        progesterone
        
        prepares the uterus for pregnancy and maintains pregnancy
        
        testosterone
        
        regulates male reproductive development, sperm production, etc
      - Thymus
        
        sercrete
        
        thymosin
        
        for development and maturation of T-cells