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Asthma - Coggle Diagram
Asthma
Triggers (airway hyper-responsiveness)
Upper Respiratory Tract Infections
Allergens
Pollen
Animal Dander
Dust
Mould
Air Pollution
Cigarette Smoke
Chemicals
Drugs
Aspirin
NSAIDS
Beta-Blockers
Cold Air
Exercise
Extrinsic (allergic)
Early Phase
Bronchospasm
Develops in 10-20min
Lasts for 2-3hrs
Antigen binds to IgE molecules on mast cells
Mast cells release chemicals to increase mucus
Bronchospasm
Stimulation of parasympathetic receptors
Late Phase
Inflammation
Develops in 4-8hrs
Lasts for 12-24hrs
Progression with release of more chemical mediators (initiation from 1st phase)
Increases vascular permeability
Oedema
Recruitment of leukocytes
Increased airway responsiveness
Increased bronchospasm
Enters Conducting Zone
Airway Oedema
Mucous production
Bronchospasm
Airway Narrowing
Diminished Diffusion
Decreased O2
Hypoxia
Altered consciousness
Increased serum CO2
Acidosis
Tachypnoea
Tachycardia
Hypertension
Temperature
Pulmonary vasoconstriction
Decreased Left-ventricular ejection fraction
Decreased CO
Hypovolaemic/Obstructive shock
Right ventricular strain
ECG changes
Intrinsic (non-allergic)
Imbalance between sympathetic and parasympathetic stimulation