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Integumentary and Respiratory systems, IMG_4415, IMG_4412, IMG_4414, IMG…
Integumentary and Respiratory systems
skin
functions
Sensation
Excretion
Temperature regulation
Formation of Vitamin D
Protection
Dermis
Papillary layer ติดกับ epidernis ประกอบด้วย looose CNT
Pacinian corpuscles (pressure)
Langer's lines
Hypodermis (subcutaneous layer)
loose CNT
Contains fat cells
Skin derivatives
Sebaceous gland
product sebum
not found in thick skin
sweat gland
Merocrine sweat gland
Apocrine sweat gland
Hair and hair follicle
Cortex
Cuticle
Medulla
Hair bulb
hair matrix
Melanocyte
Dermal papilla : capillary network
Hair follicle
Internal root sheath
External root sheat
glassy membrane
Nail
Nail plate
Nail bed
Eponychium
Hyponychium
Nail root
Nail matrix
Lunula
Hypodermis
Epidermis
Stratum spinosum
prickle cells
Stratum granulosum
polygonal cells
Stratum basale (stratum germinativum)
cuboidal cells
Stratum lucidum
พบใน thick skin
Strarum corneum
keratin filaments
Cells in basal layer
Keratinocyte
Melanocyte
Langerhans cells
Star-shaped cell
หน้าที่ antigen presenting cell
Merkel cell
พบใน thick skin
specialised touch receptor
Respiratory system
Conducting portion
Larynx
Trachea
Pharynx
terminal broncgioles
Nose and paranasal air sinuses
Respiratory portion
Alveolar duct
Alveolar sac
Respiratory bronchiole
Alveoli
Histology of respiratory system
respiratory epithelium
Goblet cells หลั่ง mucous secretion
Ciliated cell มี cilia
Basal cells serve as reserve cells
Nasal cavity
Vestibule พบขนจมูก
Nasal cavity proper บุด้วย respiratory epithelium
Lamina propria
Seromucous glands
Network of venous sinuses,arteriovenous anastomoses, and capillaries
Paranasal sinuses
Air-filled cavities that communicate with nasal cavities
The lining epithelium is lower and fewer goblet cells than in the nasal cavities
Lamina propria very thin and blends with the periosteum
A few small seromucous glands
Mucous membrane
Pseudostratified ciliated columnar epithelium with goblet cells
Lamina propria พบ seromucous glands
Epiglottis
Elastic cartilage
Lingual surface and apical portion of laryngeal surface are non-keratinized stratified squamous epithelium
Transition zone halfway along the laryngeal surface
Seromucous glands
Lamina propria
Loose CNT
Numerous blood and lymphatic vessels, nerves
Monoclear CNT cells
Larynx and Vocal Cords
Vestibular fold
Pseudostratified ciliated columnar epithelium
Mixed seromucous glands
Vocal fold
Non-keratinized stratified squamous epithelium
Vocal ligament
Vocalis muscle
Trachea
Mucosa
Respiratory epithelium and Lamina propria
Submucosa
Mixed seromucous glands
Fibromuscular layer of hyaline cartilage rings bound together by dense fibroelastic CNT
Adventitia
Loose CNT
Small blood vessels and nerves
Bronchi
Mucosa
Respiratory epithelium
Submucosa
Mixed seromucous glands,mucous and serous cells arranged in demilunes
Muscularis
Smooth muscle cells arranged in crisscrossing bands
Hyaline cartilage takes the form of irregular plates
Adventitia
Bronchioles
Lacking of cartilage and Submucosa glands
Smooth muscle becomes a major component of the wall
Simple columnar epithelium with ciliated cells
Clara cells
Replace the goblet cells
Produce protein components of surfactant
Act as stem cells
Enzyme systems which can detoxify noxious substances
Alveolar Epithelium
Squamous alveolar epithelial cells or pneumocyte type I
Cover 95% of alveolar surface
Constitute only 40% of all epithelial cells
Great alveolar cells or pneumocyte type II
Remaining 60%
Only 5% of the alveolar surface
More cuboidal
Synthesis and secrete pulmonary surfactant
Alveolar macrophages or dust cells
Ingest dust and other foreign particles
Usually seen bulging into the alveolar space
