Global : Electricity is a fundamental form of energy that is essential to our modern society. It is produced through a variety of processes, including as nuclear reactions, the burning of fossil fuels, and renewable energy sources like solar, wind, and hydroelectric power. However, electricity is produced mostly by the result of fossil fuels burning. According to (United Nations, 2022), fossil fuels are by far the largest contributor to global climate change, accounting for over 75 per cent of global greenhouse gas emissions and nearly 90 per cent of all carbon dioxide emissions. Climate change is caused by the escalation of greenhouse gases (GHGs) in the atmosphere. From (Environmental Protection Agency, 2021), the earth is vulnerable to a wide range of climate change impacts. These include rising temperatures and heat waves, severe drought, intense rainfall, sea level rise, hurricanes, and wildfires.
National : (Indonesia Baik.id, 2019) said that and climate change are caused by human activities themselves such as changes in land use and use of fossil fuels. (Republika, 2023, August 21) stated that climate change has happened in Indonesia. It can be seen from the sea level rise that will range between 0.8-1.2 centimeters (cm) per year and many areas in Indonesia have started to be permanently inundated and submerged. One of the cities that is starting to be submerged is the city of Pekalongan in Central Java.
Local : Written from (Pemerintah Kota Surabaya, 2017, December), in the Perak II Meteorology Station of Surabaya, the average temperature is recorded between 28.5°C until 30,1°C in average, and the duration of sunlight between 36% until 86%. The average rainfall every month is 248mm (recorded in Juanda Meteorology Station) and 195 mm (recorded in Perak II Meteorology Station). The intensity of rain occurred more than 25 days in February (recorded in Juanda and Perak II Station) and in March (Juanda Station). Climatologists indicate that rising temperatures will intensify the Earth's water cycle, increasing evaporation. Increasing evaporation results in more frequent rain and storms.
