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Muslim Beliefs - Coggle Diagram
Muslim Beliefs
Akhirah
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Muslims regard life on Earth as a test from Allah, to prepare them for eternal life. Importantly, though, Muslims believe that Allah will not test them beyond their limits. This encourages Muslims to take responsibility for their actions
Most Muslims believe that there will come a day when the whole universe will be destroyed. On this day, called the Day of Judgement or the Last Day, the dead will be resurrected for judgement by God. All people will receive God’s reward or punishment according to their beliefs and actions. The good will be rewarded with eternal life in Paradise, or Jannah, while the bad will be punished by going to a Hell of fire and torment, called Jahannam
Muslims believe they can enter Paradise by living according to the teachings of the Qur’an. Therefore, obeying the rules set by Allah is of ultimate importance for Muslims
Most Muslims believe that, as Allah is forgiving and merciful, he will pardon those who are truly sorry for their sins if they have done some good in their lives. However, many Muslims believe that some sins, such as shirk, are unforgivable
After death, most Muslims believe that the soul will enter Barzakh, a state of waiting, until the Day of Judgement
When a person dies, their soul is taken by Azra’il, the Angel of Death
God sends to angels to question the waiting soul. They ask: Who is your Lord? What was your life like? Who is your prophet?, Muslims believe the answers to these questions determine how the soul experiences Barzakh
Jannah is Paradise, where those who have been good go. It is described in the Qur’an as gardens of pleasure"
Muslims believe that there are multiple Heavens. The Qur’an mentions that there are seven, but some Muslims interpret this to mean simply ‘many’. Each of the Heavens is believed to be made of a different material and is the home of different prophets. The first Heaven, for instance, is made of silver and is where Adam and Eve live. Abraham lives in the seventh Heaven, which is a place made of divine light
Jahannam is believed to be a place of scorching fire pits and boiling water, where there is physical and spiritual suffering. The Qur’an uses vivid descriptions of Hell as a way to stop Muslims from participating in sin
Muslims believe that they will be sent to Hell if they reject the teachings of the Qur’an or take no responsibility for their actions. Either of these would mean that they had failed Allah’s test
Some Muslims believe that even the souls in Hell can eventually be sent to Paradise. These beliefs motivate Muslims to follow the teachings in the Qur’an. They also give hope to those who suffer that there is something better to come in the future
Malaikah (angels)
Muslims believe that angels, or malaikah, were created before humans with the purpose of following the orders of Allah and communicating with humans
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They are invisible. However, they may reveal themselves to humans on special occasions. An example is when the Angel Jibril revealed himself to Prophet Muhammad
Jibril – The bringer of good news. He is mentioned in both the Qur’an and the Hadith. The Angel Jibril revealed Allah’s words in the form of the Qur’an to Muhammad on the Night of Power. Because of this, he is also known as the Angel of Revelation, as he played a vital role in communicating Islam to humanity. The Angel Jibril is known as the Angel Gabriel in Christian scriptures
Mika’il – The Angel Mika’il (known as Michael in Christianity) is a friend to humanity. He is known as the giver of rain, which waters the land and helps to provide food for people. He is believed to guard places of worship and reward people’s good deeds. As the Angel of Mercy, he asks Allah to forgive people’s sins. It is believed that both the Angel Jibril and the Angel Mika’il will be present on the Day of Judgement
Izra’il – The Angel of Death, who takes the souls from bodies when people die
Israfil – The angel who will be present on the day of resurrection. It is believed that the Angel Israfil will blow a trumpet to announce the Day of Judgement
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Muslims also believe that angels are with them at all times. They have two angels, which sit on either shoulder and are known as Al-Kiram and Al-Katibun. One of the angels records the good things the person has done and the other records the bad things the person has done. Allah will judge each person based on these deeds, deciding whether they are worth of Paradise
Risalah (prophethood)
Islam means ‘submission to God’. Muslims believe in one God, Allah, and follow the teachings of the Prophet Muhammad, Allah’s messenger. It is believed that Muhammad received the Qur’an, which is the most important Islamic holy book and the only one to contain the pure word of Allah
Risalah is the Arabic word for message. It refers to ‘prophethood’ and represents the various ways Allah communicates with humanity
Islam teaches that Allah wants to help people to live good lives, so he sends messages to guide them on how to do so. Many of these messages are found in the Qur’an. Muslims believe that messages from Allah are communicated through prophets
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There are 25 named prophets in the Qur’an, although many believe there may have been as many as 124,000
All of the prophets are considered to be equal: "We make no distinction between any of them" -Qur'an
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Messages from Allah were sent to the prophets using malaikah, these messages are recorded in the holy books
The prophets performed miracles, which proved they really were prophets
The Qur’an states that people who attack, or even just ignore, the prophets will be cursed by Allah
All prophets received the same message about there being one God, which shows that Allah is unchanging
Muhammad was the final prophet, which is why he is referred to as the Seal of the Prophets
The nature of Allah
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Immanence, Allah is close to every human and within all things on Earth
Muslims believe that God is transcendent, that Allah is above and beyond anything that exists in the world
Omnipotence, the idea that 'He is able to do all things'
Allah is known as the Beneficent (Al-Rahman) and the Merciful (Al-Rahim), so Allah is kind, compassionate and forgiving
Mercy, “And whoever does a wrong or wrongs himself, but then seeks forgiveness from Allah, he will find Allah forgiving and merciful.”
Fairness, Allah judges everyone equally
Justice, He will judge justly according to each individual's intentions and deeds
Justice (Adalat) means fairness, that is, to do what is right. Allah is absolute, so always does what is right
Holy books
There are five key books of revelation in Islam. Each of them was given to a different prophet by Allah. Muslims believe that these holy books all conveyed the same message from Allah to the humanity, giving guidance to Muslims on how to live their daily life
The Qur’an is the holy book that contains the teachings of Allah given to the Prophet Muhammad. Many Muslims believe that Allah gave Muhammad these teachings because all earlier religious texts were no longer reliable
The Qur’an is relevant for all people at all times in their life. It is believed to have only come from Allah, which makes it the most important book for Muslims
The Tawrat (also known as the Torah in Judaism) was given to the prophet Musa. It is seen as the main Jewish holy book. It contains the Ten Commandments which are key rules on how to live life. The Tawrat also contains other good teachings and laws. This book is important to Muslims because the Qur’an says it contains the “judgement of Allah”
Zabur (Psalms)
This book was given to the Prophet Dawud. It is also known as the Psalms of David. It is important within the Christian Bible and the Jewish Tanakh, as it contains prayers, poems and songs intended to inspire people
Injil
This book was given to the Prophet Isa, who is believed to have predicted the coming of Muhammad
Sahifah (Scrolls)
This book is believed to be the first holy book within Islam. It was given to Ibrahim and Musa. Some parts of the Sahifah are believed to be lost. However, some sections have been preserved and are mentioned in the Qur’an
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Al-Qadr
Al-Qadr is the concept that Allah knows everything and has already decided everything that will happen. This is called predestination
Al-Qadr is linked to the six beliefs of Sunni Islam. This is because it shows that Allah is omniscient, meaning ‘knowing everything’
Although al-Qadr is a key belief within Sunni Islam it is also important within Shi’a Islam. This is because Shi’a Muslims believe that nothing can happen without the will of Allah
For both Sunni and Shi'a Muslims, al-Qadr does not mean that the choices people make are not free choices. Instead, it means that Allah knows what choices people are going to make before they are made
The belief in free will is essential in Islam. This is because, for Muslims, life is a test from Allah. Therefore, all human beings must make their own decisions, and they will be judged on those decisions by Allah
Muslims use the term ‘insha’Allah’ frequently in conversation to express belief in al-Qadr. Insha’Allah means ‘if God is willing’ or ‘if God wills it to be so’
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