Constipation

signs & symptoms

Infrequent bowel movements

lumpy or hard stools

Straining

Pain when passing stools

Abdominal bloating

Lethargy

Decreased appetite

RED FLAGS

Change in bowel habit

rectal bleeding

Weight loss

Night sweats

Vomiting

New onset confusion

Assessment

SOCRATES

PMH

Family History

Social History

Occupation

PR Exam

Abdominal Exam

Treatment

Choice of laxitive

Stimulant laxatives

Osmotic laxatives

Bulk-forming laxatives

Prokinetic laxatives

Lifestyle Advice

Fiber intake

Fluid Intake

Mobility

Associated Factors

Underlying psychological conditions

toileting habits

withholding or ignoring the urge to defecate

access to the toilet at home or work

eating disorders

Medication

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On PR exam

Anal fissures

haemorrhoids

skin tags

rectal prolapse

skin erythema or excoriation

rectal mass

faecal mass

rectocele