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major minerals, calcium, magnesium, phosphorus, potassium, sodium - Coggle…
major minerals
functions
water and electrolyte balance
blood pressure regulation
growth and development
bone health
blood cell formation and clotting
muscle contraction and relaxation
nerve impulse transmission
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calcium
function
growth and bone development
to maintain blood pressure
blood clotting
transmission of nerve impulse
muscle contraction
food sources
milk and milk products,kale,brocolli
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major mineral in our body 99% of calcium found in bone and teeth
normal blood concentration- 9-11mg/dl
magnesium
functions
support bone mineralization and maintenance
cofactor for more than 300 enzymes involved in various reaction
plays a role in blood clotting
play a role in neuromuscular transmission and activity
calcium for stimulator and mg for relaxation of muscles
food sources
leafy vegetables, nuts and seeds
beans, lentils, bananas, figs, dates
dark chocolate
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deficiency
symptoms like hypokalaemia, hypocalcaemia, cardiac and neurological manifestation
long term DM, HT, CHD, osteroporosis
phosphorus
function
essential for growth being a part of constituent in DNA and RNA
constituent of cell membranes as phospholipids
transport of fat as lipoprotein
plays a key role in energy metabolism
component of several enzymes and coenzymes
important in buffer system and regulation body PH
important constituent of bone and teeth
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potassium
functions
maintain osmotic pressure, water balance, acid base balance
help enzymes in function
nerve impulse transmission
muscle contraction and regular heartbeat
help to maintain blood pressure
hypokalaemia
increase blood pressure
LOA,muscle weakness, mental confusion, glucose intolerance, irregular heart beat, decreased capacity of heart to pump
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sodium
function
retaining body fluids
acid base balance
absorption of other nutrients
nerve impulse conduction and muscle contraction
hyponatraemia cause headache, nausea, vomitting, muscle cramps, fatigue, disorientation, fainting
if severe, cerebral swelling, seizure, coma and death