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Cell Cycle, Non - dividing phase, Dividing phase, Cell-Cycle-Diagram -…
Cell Cycle
Cell Cycle is a series of events which takes place in a cell leading to duplication of DNA and subsequent division of cells leading to formation of daughter cells
Non - dividing phase
Interphase
Synthesis phase (S phase)
More DNA synthesised
Chromosomes divide
Duplication of DNA occurs. Very complicated process
Second Growth phase (G2 phase)
Short Growth phase
Now the cell is ready to undergo Cell division and enter the mitotic phase after which the newly formed daughter cells will again enter interphase
RNA and proteins continue to synthesise
First Growth phase (G1 phase)
Volume of cytoplasm increases
Mitochondria and chloroplast divides - they have their own DNA
RNA and proteins and synthesised
Resting Stage (G0 phase)
- the cell may either prepare for the next stage or will enter a stage called resting stage
The two daughter cells produced by the mother cells are relatively small with a full sized nucleus with very little cytoplasm. These cells are said to be in interphase
Since no change in chromosome is visible externally in the interphase , it was previously called as "Resting stage". But in reality the cells were quite active during interphase in synthesis of more DNA
Dividing phase
Cell Division
Mitosis
Karyokinesis
(Division of nucleus)
Prophase
The
centrosome
splits into two along with simultaneous duplication of
centrioles
contained in it. The daughter centrioles move apart and occupy the opposite poles. Each centriole is surrounded by radiating rays called
aster
A number of fibres appear between the two daughter centrioles called spindle fibres
Each chromosome has already been duplicated to form two chromatids
the nuclear membrane and nucleolus disappear
Chromosomes become short and thick and are clearly visible in the nucleus
The duplicate chromosomes start moving towards the equator of the cell
Metaphase
Duplicated chromosomes line up in one plane at the
equator
. They lie along the
Equatorial plane
of the spindle fibres
Each chromosome gets attached to its spindle fibre by its centromere
Anaphase
The two sister chromatids of each chromosome separate and are drawn apart towards opposite poles pulled by contraction of spindle fibres
A furrow starts in the cell membrane at the middle of the animal cell (divides in the
periphery
)
Centromere attaching the two chromatids divides/splits
Telophase
Two sets of daughter chromosomes (chromatids) reach the opposite poles
Spindle fibres disappear
Chromatids thin out to form
Chromatin fibres
Nuclear membrane is formed
The cleavage furrow starts deepening in the animal cell
Nucleoli reappear
The cell plate divides in the center of the plant cell (divides at the
Equatorial plane
)
Cytokinesis
(Division of cytoplasm)
Cleavage furrow in the animal cell and the Cell plate in the plant cell deepens totally and separates into two daughter cells
Cell Division in which one parent cell divides into two identical daughter cells leading to production of diploid cells for growth and development
Meiosis
Cell division leading to production of Haploid cells or gametes or sex cells (sperms or eggs)
