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Principles of Language Assessment - Coggle Diagram
Principles of Language Assessment
Practicality
The first characteristic
of an effective test
considerations of
Cost
Affordable for students or test-takers
Consider test format
Evaluate the cost of materials and resources required
Time allotment
Appropriate length of time
Consider
the age and attention span of test-takers
Avoid excessively long tests
Test administration
Simplicity and accessibility
Utilize ordinary classroom settings
Minimize the need for special equipment
Human resource considerations
Provide necessary training and support
Assess their ability to construct reliable and valid tests
Reliability
means consistency
in relation to
Students or test-takers
Raters or scorers
Test administration
The test itself
Factors affecting assessment reliability
Physical and mental conditions of test-takers
Familiarity with the test procedure
Differences in familiarity within a group of test-takers
Intra-rater reliability
Consistency within the same rater
Importance of consistent scoring over time
Inter-rater reliability
Consistency between two or more raters
Recommendations
test-takers are in good physical and mental conditions
Provide clear instructions and familiarize test-takers
Use objective scoring methods
Training and use of scoring rubrics
Validity
measuring what is supposed to be measured
Aspects
Content-related validity
Relation between test content and objective
Criterion-related validity
Relation between test results and established criteria
Construct-related validity
Assessment of abstract or theoretical concepts
Consequential validity
Evaluation of test consequences and effects
Face validity
Superficial perception of test measuring what it is supposed to measure
Authenticity
the degree of closeness of the test tasks to the real-life tasks
in target language
contains
natural language
Presents items in a contextualized manner
Incorporates topics
are meaningful, relevant, and engaging
Organizes items
thematically using a storyline
Includes tasks
simulate real-world situation
Washback Effect
the effect of test or assessment
on
teaching, learning, learner, or
government and society
Positive washback
Assessment challenges students
motivates students
to learn and prepare better
Negative washback
Excessive focus on specific test preparation
Difference
Feedback
Figures, letters, comments, or suggestions provided to students' work to assess its quality.
Good feedback can lead to positive washback
YADIRA PILA