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OSTEOARTHRITIS - Coggle Diagram
OSTEOARTHRITIS
This is a disease affecting joints, particularly the weight bearing areas. The tissue becomes damage then the bones become worn out and starts to deteriorate. Once this happens exposure may occur and damage to the bone happens and also irritation is warrant.
Diagnostics
This can be done by physical assessment on the body. Specifically on the musculoskeletal system to identify joints that are swollen and tender.
Radiographic evidence of the changes to the joint which corelate with the clinical signs of the disease.
Another treatment option are medications to treat pain and inflammation and these may include Acetaminophen, NSAIDs and Duloxetine if needed for antidepressant.
One treatment option is surgery, which is classified as arthroplasty, and this is the repairing or replacing of the old joint. Also Lubrication injections to help with cushioning.
RPN to advise the use of Assistive devices which may help with making ambulation easier by decreasing the pressure on the joints.
RPN to encourage exercise on a regular basis, start slowly and increase as time progresses, this will help with the decreasing the stiffness in the joints.
RPN to encourage weight loss if individual is over weight, as this may help in alleviating pain and as well increase joint movement.
RPN to request for referral to see Physiotherapist which will help to provide daily activities that are suitable in helping to decrease pain and slow degeneration.
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Risk factors
Systemic risk factors includes ethnicity, age, gender and hormonal, genetics, bone density and nutritional factors.
Local risk factors includes joint injury, obesity, sports and strenuous physical activity, joint and muscle weakness.
Signs and Symptoms
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Early pain which is often mild and insidious, it is an aching which usually occurs with weightbearing and movement.
The cartilages will be visible irregular as they rub against each other which is classified as crepitus.
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Being elderly, as a person age osteoblast activity decrease, which make the bone fragile and prone to break down.
Individual will experience difficulty walking due to unstable joints, and as time progresses the muscles will start to atrophy.
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