Please enable JavaScript.
Coggle requires JavaScript to display documents.
VIRUS - Virus Infections and Hosts - Coggle Diagram
VIRUS - Virus Infections and Hosts
Steps of Virus Infections
1. Attachment
protein
/ capsid
+
receptor
in the host cell
glycoprotein
/ viral enveloped
2. Entry
with or without the viral capsid.
bacteriophage
leaving the capsid outside the cell.
Plant and animal viruses
endocytosis
enveloped viruses
fuses directly with the cell membrane
inside the cell
the viral capsid degrades,
released nucleic acid
3. Replication and Assembly
depends on the viral genome.
DNA viruses
use host-cell proteins and enzymes
replicate
viral DNA --->
viral mRNA
sysnthesis
viral protein/enzyme/capsid protein
assemble
new virions
.
RNA virus
RNA = template
sysnthesis
viral genomic RNA and mRNA
.
EXCEPTION
HIV
RNA genome
= templated
enzyme reverse transcriptase
DNA
+ host cell genome
Egress
release
of the new virions
infect
adjacent cells
repeat
the replication cycle.
https://tinyurl.com/3shb8p9y
Different Hosts and Their Viruses
bacteriophage
productive
infection of a cell by a bacteriophage
new virions
lytic cycle
virions are
released
by
bursting
the cell
lysogenic cycle
viral genome is
incorporated
into the genome of the host cell =
prophage
https://tinyurl.com/muuum3t2
Plant Virus
most of
ssRNA (+) genome
not active mechanisms
for delivering the viral genome --> host
to enter
mechanical damage (
weather, insects, animals, fire, or human activities
)
movement
viral modification
plasmodesmata
transmittion
vectors, contact with an infected plant’s sap, by living organisms, pollen.
horizontal transmission
The transfer of a virus
from
one plant to another
vertical transmission
inheritance of a virus
from a parent
Animal Viruses
induce the host cell to cooperate in the infection process.
Non-enveloped or “naked”
protein
/viral capsid +
receptor
/host cell
vesicle
receptor-mediated endocytosis
changes capsid protein
+ receptor
chanels
releasing the genome
make their proteins and copy their genomes
assembly of new virions
2 more items...
Enveloped viruses
receptor-mediated endocytosis
fusion
special fusion proteins
/envelope
fuse
plasma membrane
of the cell