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plate tectonics - Coggle Diagram
plate tectonics
continental-continental plate divergence
when two continental plates move away from each other, tensional forces cause fractures to form at plate boundary
land in between two continental plates sinks, forming a linear depression called a rift valley
when magma rises through the fractures onto the Earth's surface, volcanoes are formed at the rift valley
e.g. NUBIAN boundary moving away from SOMALIAN boundary of AFRICAN PLATE, forming the EAST AFRICAN
RIFT VALLEY
when 2 continental plates diverge, they are stretched, causing fractures to form at the boundary
the land in between the two plates sink, forming a linear depression called a rift valley
oceanic-oceanic plate divergence
when 2 oceanic plates are moving away from each other, cracks (fractures) develop at the plate boundary
magma rises through the fractures as these plates move apart , forming a new sea floor when it cools and solidifies
e.g. MID-ATLANTIC RIDGE in the Atlantic ocean, when the NORTH AMERICAN PLATE & EURASIAN PLATE move away from each other
process: sea floor spreading, extends the ocean floor
as magma continues to rise, it solidifies and piles up, gradually forming a chain of mountains and underwater volcanoes on the ocean floor called a mid-oceanic ridge
divergent plate boundaries
plates MOVE AWAY from each other
CONSTRUCTIVE plate boundaries
happens at OCEANIC-OCEANIC plates and
CONTINENTAL-CONTINENTAL plates
magma rise and cools to form new crust at the plate boundaries
continental-continental plate convergence
plates resist subduction, so they break and slide along fractures in the crust
layers of rock on the upper part of the crust is compressed together, buckle and fold upwards or sideways creating fold mountains
when 2 continental plates meet each other and collide
e.g. INDIAN PLATE & EURASIAN PLATE colliding to form the HIMALAYAS