Inflammation is a key factor for the onset and progression of almost all chronic diseases affecting aged individuals Therefore, identification and characterization of the molecular and cellular mechanisms underlying the immune system
dysfunction will surely help to develop effective therapeutic strategies to prevent the negative outcomes of infectious diseases on aged individuals. Recent scientific evidence indicates that different immune system cells, including hematopoietic stem cells, T cells, B cells, NK cells, thymocytes, macrophages, microglia, granulocytes, and dendritic cells, are suitable targets for cellular and genetic therapies. An effective therapy must
combine in a balanced manner immunostimulatory and immunosuppressive strategies, toward a reasonable immune rejuvenation. Given the intricate network of the molecular eventsinvolved in the regulation of inflammation/immunosenescence