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Altered Hormonal and Metabolic Function - Coggle Diagram
Altered Hormonal and Metabolic Function
Metabolic
SIADH
Clinical Manifestations
decreased, concentrated urine output
serum sodium <115-120 mEq/L
anorexia, nausea, vomiting, headache
Diagnostic Criteria
hyponatremia < 135 mEq/L
hypotonocity
< 280 mOsm/kg
decreased, highly concentrated urine
absence of renal, adrenal, thyroid abnormalities
Treatment
water restriction
isotonic or hypertonic saline
DI
Clinical Manifestations
poluria, excessive thirst
urine is highly dilute/low specific gravity
Diagnostic Criteria
patient history: surgery of tumor removal
physical examination: signs of dehydration, enlargement of bladder
Treatment
hydration
desmopressin
Both
Hyperthyroidism
Clinical Manifestation
fine hair, sweating, muscle wasting
goiter, exophtalmos
Diagnostic Criteria
history: autoimmune disease/thyroid disease
physical examination: reveals enlarged thyroid gland
Treatment
reduce thyroid hormone levels
Hypothyroidism
Clinical Manifestations
coarse, brittle hair, periorbital edema, large tongue
goiter present
myxedema
Diagnostic Criteria
patient history
physical examination
laboratory studies
Treatment
replacing deficient hormone to normalize TSH, T4, T3 levels
levothyroxine
Cushing Syndrome
Clinical Manifestation
"moon face", "buffalo hump"
protein degradation
Diagnostic Criteria
24-hour urine collection
imaging studies
Treatment
remove cause of excess hormone production
surgery, radiation
corticosteroid medications
Addison Disease
Clinical Manifestation
anorexia, personality changes, poor stress response
Diagnostic Criteria
clinical presentation
Laboratory analysis-hyponatremia, hyperkalemia
Treatment
isotonic IV fluids replacement
replacement of glucocorticoid, mineralcorticoid hormones
Altered Hormonal