Please enable JavaScript.
Coggle requires JavaScript to display documents.
GM CROPS - Coggle Diagram
GM CROPS
- Biotechnological Applications in Agriculture
- Genetically Modified (GMO) Food Crops
- Genetically modified (GM) foods derived from organisms with modified DNA
- GM crops: corn, cotton, and soybeans resistant to pests and herbicides
- Bt cotton: India's approved GM crop for commercial production
- Increased agricultural yield and decreased cultivation costs
- Tolerance against herbicides and weedicides
- Climate resilience and resistance to environmental conditions
- Reduced waste and cheaper food costs for consumers
- Bt toxin from Bacillus thuringiensis (Bt) provides insect resistance
- CryIAc gene codes for the toxin; cry genes control specific pests
- GM Mustard (Dhara Mustard Hybrid 11)
- Genetically modified hybrid variety of Brassica juncea
- Developed using genetic material from non-pathogenic soil bacteria
- Three genes (Bar, Barnase, and Barstar) extracted from Bacillus amyloliquefaciens
- Transgenic brinjal with cry1Ac gene from Bacillus thuringiensis
- Modified to withstand pests like the Brinjal Fruit and Shoot Borer
- Created by Maharashtra Hybrid Seeds Company (Mahyco)
- Genetically engineered rice containing beta-carotene (provitamin A)
- Produces enzymes for beta-carotene expression and golden color
- Terminator Seed Technology
- Genetic alteration to make plants produce sterile or terminator seeds
- Also known as suicide seeds or Genetic Use Restriction Technologies (GURTs)
- Released by the Department of Biotechnology, India
- Need for guidelines and key provisions
- Implementation through the Indian Biological Data Centre (IBDC)
- Three categories of data: open access, managed access, and no access
- Significance of information sharing and benefits
- Regulations of GMOs in India
- Environment Protection Act of 1986 and Rules of 1989
- Genetic Engineering Appraisal Committee (GEAC)
- Various authorities dealing with regulation