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FUNDAMENTAL OF TRANSFORMER - Coggle Diagram
FUNDAMENTAL OF TRANSFORMER
TYPES OF TRANSFORMER
Shell type transformer
Core type transformer
TURNS RATIO
Ratio of the number of turns in the primary to the number of turns in the secondary.
The turns ratio between the 2 coils determines if the device is a step-up / step-down transformer.
STEP-UP TRANSFORMER
Reduces the current level on the secondary side & increase the voltage level on the secondary side.
Output voltage is greater than the input voltage is called a step-up transformer.
Secondary winding carries more turns than the primary winding.
MAIN PART OF TRANSFORMER
Secondary winding
Iron core
Primary winding
PARTS OF TRANSFORMER
Main tank
Oil gauge
Explosion vent
Buchholz relay
Conservator tank
Breather
Radiator
Thermometer
Bushing
TRANSFORMER
STEP-UP TRANSFORMER
Used between power generator & the power grid. The secondary output voltage is higher than the input voltage.
STEP-DOWN TRANSFORMER
Used to convert high-voltage primary supply to low-voltage secondary output.
FUNCTIONS
To change AC voltage from one level to another.
To isolate one voltage from another.
ELECTRICAL CIRCUIT OF TRANSFORMER
Consists of the primary & secondary winding.
Made from copper & has a rectangular / cross-section as per requirement.
MAGNETIC CIRCUIT OF TRANSFORMER
Consists of a laminated core & yoke.
Provides the low reluctance path to the changing magnetic flux.
WORKING PRINCIPLE OF TRANSFORMER
Formation of varying magnetic flux lines around a wire wound / current-carrying wire.
The plane containing the flux lines is parallel to the normal of a cross-section of a wire.
When a magnetic flux line fluctuates around a piece of wire, a current will be inducted in it.