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3.計算機結構 - Coggle Diagram
3.計算機結構
parallel processing
SIMD,Single Instruction-stream, Multiple Data-stream,單一指令流、多重資料流
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MIMD,Multiple Instruction-stream, Multiple Data-stream,多重指令流、多重資料流
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SISD,Single Instruction-stream, Single Data-stream,單一指令流、單一資料流
MISD,Multiple Instruction-stream, Single Data-stream,多重指令流、單一資料流
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CPU
ALU,Arithmetic Logic Unit
control unit
PC,Program Counter, 紀錄下一個指令所在位址
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memory
address space, 位址空間,每個word對應一位址,記憶體位址總數稱為位址空間
種類
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ROM
PROM,Programmable ROM
EPROM,Erasable PROM
EEPROM,Electronically EPROM
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Subsystem
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Interface,controller, 連接I/O
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定址I/O方式,存取I/O上的記憶體方式
isolated I/O, 每個I/O有自己的位址,有獨立的指令存取I/O
memory-mapped I/O, 將I/O視為RAM中的word,使用相同指令存取I/O與RAM
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CPU與I/O同步方式
programmed I/O, CPU等待I/O設備
interrupt-driven I/O, I/O準備好時中斷CPU
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pipeline,同時執行execute of 1st task, decode of 2nd task, fetch of 3rd task