Fall of the USSR
Political
Economic
Internal
External
Internal
External
Decisions
Indirect
Life-long tenure
Continuous corruption
Direct
Giving power to local governments
Opening up press
Less control to the army
Policies that suppress the alliance's sovereignty
Bureaucratism
Marshall Plan
Quick revival and development of Western countries
Failure in Afghanistan
The revival of nationalism in European countries
System
The controlled market lacks economic vitality: Lacks competition, freely-explorative tech innovation.
Over-dependent on the wisdom of the heads( The Soviet Union had a centrally planned economy in which the state controlled all economic activities, including production, distribution, and pricing decisions. Central planners lack accurate information about consumer demand.), leading to some undesired investments. Lot of money, resources, and productivity is serious wasted. In contrast, capitalism-based countries can seek ideal through the proof of market.
Over-extension: Too much military spending
Investing too much on heavy industry project, like space race (Wanting to strengthen people's belief of national pride and collective development to bring higher productivity. But belittled the importance of light industry and people's life quality.
Economic productivity is over-reliant on faith of communism. Due to the absence of private ownership, individual companies becomes production unit or tools.
"dark" economic activities
Too much investment in African Countries
Lacks free trade, cross country economic alliance
Some USSR countries choose to be independent because they can economically support themselves.
The Soviet Union's integration into the global economy was limited, and its trade relations were largely confined to the Eastern Bloc and a few other countries. This isolation prevented the Soviet Union from benefiting from international trade, technological advances, and access to global markets.
Pressure from better wealth and life quality in capitalist countries.