Qualitative research approaches
Approaches
Ethnography
Phenomenology
Narrative analysis
Action research
Grounded theory
Iterative process
generative questions
core theoretical concepts identified
tentative linkages
verification & summary
one core category - central
dual layer of interpretation
Qualitative data
Dairy accounts
Audio recording
Video recording
Description
Transcription
Observation
Photographs
Documents
Data collection methods
Observation
Case studies
Focus groups
one-on-one interview
Transcription
Natural
Controlled
Disguised
Non-disguised
Participant
Non-participant
Structured
Unstructured
Semi-structured
Clean verbatim
True verbatim
No stutters, filler speech, non-speech sounds & false starts
Analysis
Thematic analysis
Narrative analysis
Deductive coding
Inductive coding
Break your qualitative dataset into smaller samples.
Read a sample of the data.
Create codes that will cover the sample.
Reread the sample and apply the codes.
Read a new sample of data, applying the codes you created for the first sample.
Note where codes don’t match or where you need additional codes.
Create new codes based on the second sample.
Go back and recode all responses again.
Repeat from step 5 until you’ve coded all of your data.
Process
Data familiarization
Generating initial codes
Searching for themes
Reviewing themes
Producing the report
Structural analysis
Dialogic analysis
Visual analysis
Thematic analysis
Reporting
Dependability
Transferability
Confirmability
Credibility
Inquiry audit
Triangulation
Persistent observation
Prolonged engagement
Negative case analysis
Member check
Referential adequacy
Thick details
Audit trail