concept that corporations should be accountable for impacts they have on all their stakeholders (community + environment)

Milton Friedman - businesses having 'moral' responsibilities distracts from its core purpose to make money

as a teleological ethical theory, utilitarianism ensures that the focus is on achieving the best outcome

act utilitarianism gives flexibility to differing situations - business situations may not be appropriate to have a rule based ethical theory applied

Bentham's hedonist utilitarianism is reflective of the motives of consumers

utilitarianism depersonalises issues (Mill's competent judge) - avoids bias - issues can be looked at objectively

act utilitarianism - time consuming in the fast paced business world - complicated + lengthy

utilitarianism has no concept of rights + doesn't value justice - would allow unethical practices to reach an end

not clear that the objectivity + impartiality utilitarianism promises can be achieved - ideas of pleasure + pain is often subjective

'goods' - too broad - could mean environmental benefits, wage rises + better working conditions - not all can be immediately achieved.

1. people should have equal access to basic rights + liberties

2. social + economic inequalities should be arranged so they have the greatest benefit for the disadvantaged (e.g: less tax for the poor)