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Politics of 1914-1918, Politics of 1918-1925, politics of 1925-1929 -…
Politics of 1914-1918
Revolutions from below and above
revolution from above was initiated by the Kaiser
On the 30th of september the kaiser accepted von hertlings resignation and proclaimed a parliamentary democracy.
He appointed Max von Baden who was a moderate conservative to form a government with ministers with representatives from the majority parties-Chosen by Baden not the Kaiser.
Max Von Baden pushed for peace by reaching out to wilson but by the 24th of october he declined, saying that nothing but total regime change would be accepted-increasing calls for the Kaisers resignation from the SDP ,USPD and Zentrum
on the 26th of october Hindenburg was forced to resing after he tried to get generals to resit surrender
on the 28th a parliamentary monarchy was formed with agreement from the emperor and the Bundesrat
The Kaisers power over the army was curtailed
The chancellor and Ministers would be responsible to the Reichstag and Bundesrat-not the Kaiser
Parliamentary reforms introduced into a number of the Lander and the prussian three stage voting system was abolished
Revolution from Below was caused by the appalling living conditions and the news of the imminent defeat
started with revolt from sailors at the end of october in Wilhelmshaven when ordered to make a suicidal attack on the Bri'ish blockade ,hoisting the communist flag and spreading the mutiny when officers tried to restore order.
Ended with the abdication of Wilhelm II when Prince Max von baden announced his abdication and handed his power to Friedrich Ebert to create a sense of legitimacy.
Karl Liberneckt and the spartacists where encouraging workers and soldiers to rise up and where planning an rising in Berlin
6 november onwards workers begin to setup elected councils of workers and soldiers modeled on the soviets in russia and began to establish military and civilian control
King Ludwig III of Bavaria fled on the 7th of november and soon an independent republic was formed
On the 8th of november the Revolutionary shop stewards put out a call for a General strike which was supported by the SPD and spartacists
On the 9th of November workers and soldiers councils were formed,the police headquarters were seized and Philipp Scheidemann proclaimed a republic from the Reichstag followed by Karl Libernkect delcaring a "workers republic" from a royal palace window.
Breakdown of German Politics
Beginning of the war
Politics of 1918-1925
politics of 1925-1929