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4.作業系統 - Coggle Diagram
4.作業系統
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基礎
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OS運作
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dual-mode operation
kernel mode
privileged instruction, 特權指令
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memory manager
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address
logical address, 由CPU產生,通常被視為virtual address
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MMU, Memory-Management Unit, 將logical address轉為physical address
memory fragmentation
external fragmentation, 外部碎裂
compaction, 聚集,將記憶體內所有可用記憶體配置成連續空間
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internal fragmentation, 內部碎裂
process manager
program
job
process
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scheduler
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scheduling algorithm
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演算法評估法則
FCFS,First Come First Serve
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RR,Round-Robin, 輪詢,又稱preemptive FCFS
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priority
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starvation, 造成某些低優先權行程無限期等待
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deadlock
mutual exclusion,互斥,一個資源只能由一行程使用
resource holding, 一占用某資源的行程正在等待被其他行程占用的資源
no preemption, 不能臨時重新配置資源
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safe state, 以某種次序分配資源能避免死結的狀態,存在一safety sequence
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