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Intro to Multimedia mindmap - Coggle Diagram
Intro to Multimedia mindmap
Topic 1: Intro to Multimedia
Definition: MUlti(many) Media(tools to represent or form of communication)
Multimedia combining preesentation of text,graphics,audion,video and animation
Multimedia presentation: passive( or interactive(allow user to control)
Multimedia Applications: various sector business,adminitration,government,broadcasting,entertainment,transportation
Multimedia Products:
Briefing Product-sales presentation,education lectures,corporate presentation, (short time develop,limited graphic/audio/video/few navigationla controls)
Reference Products-large structured, encyclopedia,dictionaries (wide range user,book mar/searching/printing,detailed content)
Database Product-storing actual data ,Google Search and Google Earth(manage large data,content based search,online,consistence management)
Education and Training Products-textbook, audio,animation and video(Instructors support,Self paced*can learn anytime)
Kiosk Products-banking kiosk,instant photo booth and university info kiosk, food kiosk(limited users,user friendly,fast response)
Entertainment and Games Product-most popular,heavy on use of graphic,audio,animationand video (arcade game,computer game and movies)
Evaluate Multimedia Product:quality or usefulness of a product,develop a better product
a.SUbject and Content :completeness,accessibilty,interest of entertainment value,education and able to supply info needed.
b.Platform: hardware: compatible with specific product( hardware and softwawre requirement)
c.Usability: User apply,learn and use program efficiently
d.Cost: Depends on user willing to spend
The Developer's Perspective
a.Content:vlaue to customer,easy to use,googd quality
b.Performances:must be tested before release,graphic/audio and video presentation should be wide used
c.Delivery: The speed of installation procedure,documentation are through
d.Interface:user-friendliness, working features and useful
Topic 2: Multimedia System and Development
Multimedia System:system processing mutimedia data and application.(control by computer,digital info, interactive interface.)
The Intagible Elements: Creativity,Organization and Communication Skills
Hardware: intepret instructions into computer activity(platforms,connections,memory adn storage deivces,input devices,output devices)
Software: Depending on budget such as project management software,multimedia software,graphicand sound editing software(Tect editing and word processing tools,Painting and drawing tools,Image Editing tools, Sound Editing Tools)
Multimedia Development Process:Plan how to fulfil the expectation of audience
Planning and Costing-Designing and Producing-Testing-Delivering
stage 1 :a. Define the objective and Scope:Consider time ,knowledge,skills
b.target audience: you create the project to whom
c.Content :obtaining rights to use resource,digitizing pictures/audio/video,Produce own materials
d.Estimated Cost: to estimatetime and people needed to develop the apps(The longer the time,the less people and money)
e.Building a multimedia team: Project manager(leader,strong in technical and management)Multimedia designer(visual design/image/animation,clear flow of info),Video specialist(Video Production),Audio Specialist(audio Production),Mutimedia Programmer(programming language)
Stage 2: Designing and Producing ideas :shaping,smoothing,reworking and editing
Stage 3:Testing : alpha testing-to ensure bug free accurate, achieve objective target ;Beta Testing evaluate before final release,functioning product,feedbacks and problems are very important)
Stage 4:Delivering multimedia project to consumers or users
a. Delivering on CD-ROM(optical storage and most common form of packaging for multimedia products)
Delivering on DVD(latest form for optical storage large capacity up to 17 GB,high quality and audio)
Delivering on The Wowrld Wide Web( Upload to servers ,smooth installation,fast and easy)
Topic 4: Graphics
Introduction: digital representation of non-text information, drawing,chart or photograph. FUnction as backgrounds , informational contents , nevigational control.
2 Graphic types: bitmap and vector
Bitmap:made up of pixels, combination blocks of different colors,resolution dependent (hard to increase and decrease size)
Vector Graphics: made up of lines and curves ,stores each objects as formula( equations),resolution independent(can scaled to any size without losing clarity)
Advantages of vector images are: small file size, reusablity , not restricted to rectangle shape
3 Resolution: 1.color resolution( color depth) 2.Image resolution(height
width) 3.Display resolution. (formula width
height*color depth/8).
Image resolution vs color resolution vs performance : The larher image resolution ,higher color resolution ,the higher memory usage adn bigger file size( slower performances)
file format: Bitmap(most common format pixel by pixel), GIF (no color information lost,animation) JPEG : Compress photograph well),PNG (nocolor info lost , use all depth color ),TIFF (High compression capability, good for black and white images)
Topic 4: Video
Introduction: A series of frames containing pictures and sound at very fast rate.Higher frame rate means more realistic action .
Broadcast video Standards: not interchangeable,cassete are not play on television.
NTSC (national Television Standards Committee) : consists 525 scan lines in one single frames in 30Hz
PAL (Phase Alternate Line): 625 scan lines in 25 hz , 25 fps interlace at 50hz
SECAM (Sequential color with memory): 625 scan line sabd interlace at 50 hz
HDTV(High definition television): latest with 1125 scan lines drat 60 hz .60fps
VIdeo play back on Monitor: used progressove scan to display each frames one line at a time from top to bottom.
Video Capturing: Converting analog video to digital video into video capture cards.require fast CPU, high capacity hard disk.
Characteristic of a digital video: frame rate(Sekam/PAL 25fps,NTSC 30fps),Frame size- height and width(640
480,320
240,240
180,160
120),Color resoloution(1,8,16,24 bit)
Calculate the size of digital video stream(AUDIO AND VIDEO): f
r
c
t (devide 1000
2 to convert MB)
COmpression : .avi-support all windows systems ,.mov-macintosh and Windows,.mpeg-creating VCD and DVD ,.ra -web specific codec,have to install plug in
Topic 4: Animation
Animation is simulation movement by displaying images in form of frames. 2D/3D
Animation Space: 2D(simple and static), 2 1/2D (shadowing&highlighting),3D(complicated &realistic)
Animation technique: 1.Cel animation (different graphic used on each frame ,begin of keyframes,consist text,background,characters and sounds) 2.Computer animation (drawn by animator auto generate by the software.
Files formats used in animation : 1. Director files - .dir and .dcr 2. GIF89a files - .gif
File compression is necessary because file size is acritical factor, some animation must convert into SShockwave Flash files(.swf) in order to play on the web.
Topic 3: Multimedia Design
Navigation -(site map) helps outline the connections of contents
Linear :one to another ,slide and video presentation
Hierarchical: tree structure ,can go down level or back to main menu/
Non linear: Freely jump through content
Composite: freely but constrained to linear presentation
Designing Multimedia Interface: user friendly and easy to use at all levels
Background and textures: graphic elements,good backgroud do that can be seen clearly
Buttons, icon and picons: Combined with text to give clue in action, picons higher quality than icons
Rollovers and sliders: use mouse to show different color vs use hand to push upward to change the sound volume
Hotspots and menus: A section of image and have more than one clickable area, menu is a button usually on top of apps
Feedback: response triggred by user action,Popup window will show the answer.
Screen designed: clar headins,confort eyes text, consitent color
Topic 4: Audio
Introduction : act as warning or notice ,example spoken word ,voices and music.
3 Characteristic of digital audio : 1.Frequency (44100hz,22050Hz,11025Hz) 2.Sound resolution( 8bit /1 byte, 16bits/2 bytes) 3.Sound channel : mono or stereo recording
Calculating Audio data size: File Size = c
s
t
b (devide 1000
2 convert to MB)
Benefits of using digital audio: without noise distortion compare to analog audio,no loss of quality of copy,can play the sound on any point, can be edited without loss in quality.
Introduction ot MIDI:Musical Instrument DIgital Interface store a list of imitiative sound for musical instrument such as violin, guitar, piano.Recoreded by electronic keyboard.
Topic 4: Text
Definition: word,sentences to communicate ideas and fact. ways to present text and interative text.
Alement of text: alphbet character( A-Z) number(0-9) Special Charater(+-*/)
Fonts and typeface: fonts is font size, font style. Typeface is graphic representation of alphabet,numbers and special character.
Postcrept,Truetype and bitmap fonts: Potscript(describe an image in terms of mathematical constructs,scalable and drawn much faster) ,True Type( joint effort to develop a better and faster font, smooth on print), Bitmap(images of characters,require a lot of memory).
Font mapping : Specific font is subtitude called font mapping, selection fonts not available in user machine.
Text coding and Decoding: 0 represent off and 1 represent on.define by partner named codeing scheme.
ASCII Character Set: 7-bit character coding system assign value up to 128,32 control character and non printed character.
Extended Character Set: Filled eith ANSI such as ¢ or ∞.
Unicode:join teffort of engineers , prfessionals that can accommodate more than 65000 characters
Topic 5 : Multimedia Authoring
Introduction Authoring System: organize and editing multimedia project, e.g sound graphic ,animations and videos ,Authoring software provide integrated environment to create ,edit and import raw data. It designing interativity and user interface.
Authoring software can make : video production, animations,games,interactive web site,presentations,kiosk applications
Helpful ways to get started : 1)use templete created,2) use available wizards,3)Use named style 4)Create tables 5) RUn table of content,running headers and footers, indexes.6) Use bulleted , numbered list and symbols 7) Reduce grammar error by spell checker.
Making Instant Multimedia: Organizing, planning, rendering and testing into a single effort. Saving money and save time while using using multimedia tools.
3 Types of authoring tools: 1)Card or page based tools 2)Icon based,event driven mutimedia and game authoring tools 3)Time Based tools.
Card and Page based Authoring Tools: pages of book or a stack of card. & can jump and command to the page .e.g Live code & Tool book. & Seprete layers on each card, background layer can share ,foreground layer specific to single.
Icon and Object based Authoring Tools: simplify the organization and display flow diagram .& provide visual programming icon -munu choices ,graphic images, sound and computations.
Time Based Authoring Tools: organized along time line with high resolution. 1)Flash -time based developement evironment, delivery rich multimedia content. 2) Director: complex and powerful to create presentations,animations,applications
Objects: objects- multimedia elements and events in parent and child relationship.Message delivered from parents to child. & Object based authoring system provide sensible message,functions,properties. It has duration and source property.
Choosing an authoring tool: best fit jobs, and keep upgrade development cycle.
Editing Feature: Editors need power authoring system or specialized,single purpose tools to create, edited and covert mutimedia elements.
Organizing Features: 1)Storyboarding- organize and focus project scope 2)flowcharting- overview for illustrating project structure.
Programming Features: 1)Visual programming with cues, icons and objects- simplest and easiets, 2)Programming with a scripting language- navigation control and enabling user input. 3)Programming with traditional languages such as Basic or C - good debug,rubust text edit and online syntax reference 4)Document development tools- development CD ROM information product, online and help system ,sophiscated multimedia enhanced.
Interactivity Features: control content and information flow. 1)SImple Branching- go to another section of multimedia production. 2)Conditional Branching -go to base on IF ELSE decision.
Performance Tuning Features : require exact synchronization events for example the sound effect accompanying animation. Make sure processors 9id good to precise timming events.
Playback Features: Assembling and testing looks and perform. & refine and smooth the content and timing of the project
Delivery Features: require a runtime version or standalone to play back without full authoring software & run time version does not allow user to change content, structure and programming.
Cross Platform Features: tranfer across platform easy
Internet Playability: convert output to delivered . test Internet Delivery and perform on Web, make sure performance stability as many platform.