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Confucianism: The Harmony of Virtues - Coggle Diagram
Confucianism: The Harmony of Virtues
Historical Context
Zhou Dynasty: The dynasty during which Confucian thought originated.
Mandate of Heaven: The divine authority used to justify the reign of the kings.
Shang Dynasty: The earliest ruling dynasty of China to be established in recorded history.
Oracle Bones: Early forms of Chinese script used during the Shang dynasty.
Founder
Confucius: The founder of Confucianism, known for his wisdom and teachings.
Analects: The collection of sayings and ideas attributed to Confucius.
Confucius's Disciples: The students who studied under Confucius and carried on his teachings.
Five Constant Relationships: Fundamental relationships in life according to Confucius
husband/wife
elder brother/younger brother
father/son
friend/friend
ruler/subject
Asymmetrical & Hierarchical: The nature of relationships in Confucianism, emphasizing order and hierarchy.
Role-based Ethics: Each person has specific roles and duties in society, and ethical behavior is based on fulfilling these responsibilities.
Loyalty (Zhong): Devotion and faithfulness to one's family, friends, and the state.
Filial Piety (Xiao): Respect for one's parents, elders, and ancestors. It is considered the most fundamental duty in Confucian ethics.
Culture
Wen: The cultural refinement and arts, including music, ritual, and literature.
Calligraphy: Considered one of the highest forms of artistic expression.
Poetry: An important part of "wen", with the Book of Songs being particularly noteworthy.
Philosophical Traditions
Idealists: Those who focus on moral persuasion and righteousness as the proper way to govern.
Mencius: The most famous idealist, who emphasized human goodness.
Realists: Those who stress the importance of strict laws and harsh punishments in governing a state.
Legalists: The school of thought that best embodies this perspective.
Te (De): The inherent character or inner power through which a person influences others.
Moral Power: The idea that a person can influence others through their moral character and virtue, rather than through force or authority.
Moral Magnetism: The power to attract and influence others through one's morality and virtue.
Soft Power: Confucius taught that leaders should rule by example and moral virtue, not by force or fear.
Virtuous Leadership: Confucius emphasized that those in power should use their position to demonstrate virtue.
Meritocracy: Leaders should be chosen based on their virtue and merit, not their birth or wealth.
Benevolent Rulers: Rulers should be benevolent and care for their subjects, which in turn will inspire loyalty and harmony.
Self-Cultivation: A key aspect of Te is the continuous effort to improve oneself and increase one's virtue.
Personal Development: Learning, reflection, and self-improvement are lifelong pursuits in Confucianism.
Inner Rectification: Before seeking to influence others, one must first rectify oneself and cultivate inner virtue.
Connection to the Tao: By cultivating Te, one aligns oneself with the Tao (the way of the universe), leading to harmony and balance.
