Distance Education 
References & Resources
Definitions
Distance education is an educational practice concept that has been in the literature since the 1700s, when the idea of education being accessible was adopted. (Erol & Eskici, 2022)
Distance education (DE) is defined as the physical absence of the learner and the learning resource. (Büyükbayraktar, 2022)
Distance education is institution-based, formal education where the learning group is separated, and where interactive telecommunications systems are used to connect learners, resources, and instructors. (Simonson, 2009, 2010)
Theories
History
The theory base of distance education was still largely unfilled in the 1970s. (Simonson, 2022)
Example Theories
Independence of student-Charles Wedemeyer
Learner autonomy & distance between teacher and learner-Michael Moore
New Developments
Artificial Intelligence
Shift in types of technology use in distance education
Theoretical Framework Needs (Keegan, 1996)
Is distance education an educational activity?
Is distance education a form of conventional education?
Is distance education possible, or is it a contradiction of terms?
1833 Swedish Correspondence Study
1885 University of Wisconsin farmers' institutes
1951 Western Reserve University first to offer a continuous series of courses via broadcast television
1971 Open University of the UK full degree programs via distance education
2020 Covid-19 Pandemic
Images
"Besucher spielt Distance bei der Gamescom 2017" by wuestenigel is licensed under CC BY 2.0.
"A Copy of The Quran at Museum Of Natural History NY" by Muhammad is licensed under CC BY 2.0.
"Dictionary" by greeblie is licensed under CC BY 2.0.
"String theory 3" by parameter_bond is marked with Public Domain Mark 1.0.