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Functional Structures of Kidney and The Renal Circulation - Coggle Diagram
Functional Structures of Kidney and The Renal Circulation
Physiological function of the kidney
Urine Formation & Excretion of waste product
Filtration of body waste
Regulation of ECF volume
Control by ADH and Aldosterone hormone
Regulation of blood pressure
Regulation of electrolyte composition of body fluid
Acid-Base balance
Control bicarbonate and hydrogen ion secretion
Regulation of plasma osmolality
Regulation of erythropoiesis
Endocrine function
Gluconeogenesis
Type and structure of Nephron
Juxtamedullary Nephrons
Located at juxtaglomerular region
Large glomerulus size
Long LOH
Urine concentration
More efficient in concentrating urine
Cortical nephrons
Located in superficial layer of cortex
Small glomerulus size
Small LOH
Urine formation and excretion of waste products
Less efficient in concentrating urine
Describe Microstructure of the filtration barrier
Consist of 3 main components
Endothelial cells of glomerular capillaries
Glomerular basement membrane
Podocytes
Capillary endothelium is fenestrated
Surrounded by the basal lamina and podocytes also mesangial cells
Mesangial cells
acts as structural support
Secrete prostaglandin and cytokines, renin and erythropoietin
Phagocytic
also called Lacis cell
Juxtaglomerular apparatus
Contain:
Macula densa that act as a sensor for changes in ionic composition and rate of flow of the tubular fluid
Juxtaglomerular cell, secrete renin fo RAAS
Lacis cells secrete renin and erythropoietin
Describe renal circulation and renal blood flow through the nephrons
Renal artery
Segmental arteries
Interlobar arteries
Arcuate arteries
Cortical radiate arteries
Afferent Arteries
Glomerulus
Efferent Arteriole
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Regulation of renal blood flow
Neural factors
Hormonal Factors
Local Factors
Autoregulation