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Physics REVISION, Key words, Key words, Key Words, Key words, Gravity and…
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Key words
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Charged up: When materials are rubbed together, electrons move from one surface to the other.
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Current: Flow of electric charge, in amperes (A).
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Potential difference (voltage): The amount of energy shifted from the battery to the moving charge, or from the charge to circuit components, in volts (V).
Resistance: A property of a component, making it difficult for charge to pass through, in ohms (Ω).
Electrical conductor: A material that allows current to flow through it easily, and has a low resistance.
Electrical insulator: A material that does not allow current to flow easily, and has a high resistance.
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Charged up: When materials are rubbed together, electrons move from one surface to the other.
Key words
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Volume: How loud or quiet a sound is, in decibels (dB).
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Amplitude: The maximum amount of vibration, measured from the middle position of the wave, in metres.
Wavelength: Distance between two corresponding points on a wave, in metres.
Frequency: The number of waves produced in one second, in hertz.
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Oscilloscope: Device able to view patterns of sound waves that have been turned into electrical signals.
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Ultraviolet (UV): Waves with frequencies higher than light, which human eyes cannot detect.
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Pressure wave: An example is sound, which has repeating patterns of high-pressure and low-pressure regions.
Key Words
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Gravitational field strength, g: The force from gravity on 1 kg (N/kg).
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Linear relationship: When two variables are graphed and show a straight line which goes through the origin, and they can be called proportional.
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Resultant force: Single force which can replace all the forces acting on an object and have the same effect.
Friction: Force opposing motion which is caused by the interaction of surfaces moving over one another. It is called 'drag' if one is a fluid.
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Key words
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Chemical energy store: Emptied during chemical reactions when energy is transferred to surroundings.
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Renewable: An energy resource that can be replaced and will not run out. Examples are solar, wind, waves, geothermal and biomass.
Fossil fuels: Non-renewable energy resources formed from the remains of ancient plants or animals. Examples are coal, crude oil and natural gas.
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Current,Voltage and resistance
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Around a charged object, the electric field affects other charged objects, causing them to be attracted or repelled. The field strength decreases with distance.
In a series circuit, voltage is shared between each component.
Current divides between loops in a parallel circuit, combines when loops meet, lights up bulbs and makes components work.
We can model voltage as an electrical push from the battery, or the amount of energy per unit of charge transferred through the electrical pathway
In a parallel circuit, voltage is the same across each loop.
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Sound waves and effects
The greater the frequency (and therefore the shorter the wavelength), the higher the pitch.
The speed of sound in air is 330 m/s, a million times slower than light.
When a wave travels through a substance, particles move to and fro.
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The denser the medium, the faster sound travels
The greater the amplitude of the waveform, the louder the sound.
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