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Oracle Server - Coggle Diagram

- - - - -text file and modified with an operating system editor
        -Modification made manually
        -Changes take effect on next startup
        -Only opened during instance startup
        -default location $ORACLE_HOME/dbs
      - Creation
        
        From init.ora
        
        create pfile=dir/initSID.ora from spfile=dir/pfileSID.ora
        -during instance shutdown
        -without pass dir means default directory
    - - -Binary file
        -Maintained by oracle server
        -Always resides on server side
        -Ability to make changes persistent across startup & shutdown
        -Can self tune parameter file
        -Can have recovery manager support for backing up to the initialization parameter
      - Creation
        
        create spfile =dir/spfileSID.ora from pfile=dir/initSID.ora
        -Can be executed before & after instance startup
- - - - library cache
        
        -store about most recently used sql & pl/sql statements
        -enables the sharing of commonly used statements
        -is managed by least recently used(LRU) algorithm
        
        shared sql area
        
        -sql stores and shares execution plan and parse tree for sql
        -2nd time that an identical sql statement is run it is able take advantage of the parse information
        -to ensure that sql statements use same text,schema, and bind variables.
        
        shared pl/sql area
        
        -share most recently executed pl/sql.
        -parse and compile program unit
      - data dictionary cache
        
        -collection of most recently used definations in the database
        -include information about database files,tables,indexes,columns,users,previleage and other database objects.
        -during parse phase the server process looks at the data dictionary for information to resolve object names and variables validate accesss
        -caching data dictionary information into memory improves response time on quries and dml
      - -SHARED_POOL_SIZE
        -most recently executed sql statements
        -most recently used data definations
    - - -LOG_BUFFER
    - - -JAVA_POOL_SIZE
    - - -LARGE_POOL_SIZE
- - - - nomount
        
        -Instance started
        -read parameter file
        -allocation sga
        -Starting the background processes
        -opening the alert log file & trace file
      - mount
        
        -To perform maintenance operation
        -Reads the control files
        -Renaming data files
        -enable & disable online redo log file archiving options
        -Perform full database recovery
      - open
        
        -all files open as described by control files
    - - -spfileSID.ora
        -default spfile
        -initSID.ora
        -default pfile
    - - -alter database db01 mount
        -alter database db01 open
        -alter database db01 open read write
      - alter database open read only
        
        -execute queries
        -execute disk sorts using locally managed tablespaces
        -take data files offline and online but not tablespaces
        -perform recovery of offline data files & tablespaces
  - - - Normal
      - Transactional
      - Immediate
      - Abort