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S22F Group 2 Natural Science - Coggle Diagram
S22F Group 2 Natural Science
Is replicability necessary in the production of knowledge? (KF: method)
Replicability:
Copied or reproduced
the ability of a scientific experiment or trial to be repeated to obtain a consistent result
obtaining consistent results across studies aimed at answering the same scientific question, each of which has obtained its own data.
Answer the same scientific question using new data
a matter of degree, rather than a binary result of “success” or “failure.”
Provides evidence that findings are reliable and applicable to awider range of situations or context
One of the key ways scientists build confidence in the scientific merit of results
Reliable claim to new knowledge
Important tool in all empirical disciplines
To verify results
Identify when to continue, stop or modify the research
To achieve reliability and validity and ensure rigor
Identify errors and increase the accuracy
Test generalizability of previous findings to new contexts
Uncover errors and fraud
Scientific fraud has been attributed to misdirect attempts to attain high level of personal and professional success
Promotion, status, tenure, research grants
Researchers are prone commit scientific fraud
Dishonest researcher may have many motives for falsifying a study
Conflict of interest, gives stake at results
A desire for personal glory
Personal belief about the subject matter
Comprimise the integrity of the results
Replication—especially of surprising results or those that could have a major impact—occurs in science often without being labelled as a replication.
Replicability facilitates the independent verification of data and is also considered a significant principle of scientific research.
Keeps researcher honest and can give readers confidence in research
Necessary
Raises the question of whether replicability is indispensable or crucial in the production of knowledge. It prompts an examination of the significance and role of replicability in the pursuit of reliable and valid knowledge.
Needed to be done/achieved/present
Somebody must do
Bring to completion
Happening by natural laws
Laws of morality ascertainable through human reason
Based on reasoning and not revelation
Production
The act of producing
Manufacturing
A successful replication does not guarantee that the original scientific results of a study were correct, nor does a single failed replication conclusively refute the original claims.
Process of combining various inputs (knowledge) in order to create output
Production of knowledge
A broad category including outlays on all forms of education, on basic reserach, and on the more applied type of research associated especially in industry
Based on observations and experiments on the same
Sources of knowledge production: intuition, authority, rational, induction, and empricism
the methods of generating idea which will be helpful for the understanding of some concept for human being
something that takes time to be realized
Example
An epidemiological study to determine health effects of certain risk factors could build up existing scientific evidence and impact decisionmaking that might affect the public health
If a new research paper concludes that smoking is not related to lung cancer, readers would be very skeptical because it disagrees with the weight of exisiting evidence
Drugs are tested on animals(e.g. rats, mices, rabbits) untill a desired results are obtained before the drugs being used conventionally to humans
Non-replicability
Approaches to assessing non-replicability rates
direct and indirect assessments of replicability;
perspectives of researchers who have studied replicability;
surveys of researchers; and
retraction trends.
Is replicability necessary in the production of knowledge?
What is replicability?
What is replicability in the production of knowledge?
How does the validation and reliability of measurement tools or instruments impact the replicability of studies?
How is replicability necessary?
How does the replication of experiments contribute to the reduction of bias and the validation of research findings?
How does the replication of studies help identify and address potential biases or errors in research methodologies?
How does the replication of studies contribute to the establishment of scientific consensus or the rejection of false claims?
In what ways does replicability enhance the credibility and trustworthiness of scientific findings?
What is the significance of replicability in the production of knowledge?
How do we consider something as replicability?
How is knowledge produced?
Who produce knowledge?
Why is knowledge production necessary?
What knowledges that are produced through replicability?
How knowledges are produced through replicability
How does the choice of research methods and tools impact the replicability of studies?
How do methodological innovations contribute to improving replicability in fields where traditional approaches have been challenging?
How do advances in technology, such as automated data collection or artificial intelligence, impact the replicability of studies?
What considerations should researchers keep in mind when selecting appropriate tools or technologies to ensure replicability?
How does the evolution of research methods and tools over time influence the replicability of studies conducted in different eras?
In qualitative research, how can researchers ensure replicability when dealing with subjective interpretations and multiple perspectives?
What is non-replicability?
Are there instances where non-replicability can be justified or even beneficial in the production of knowledge?
Real-life examples
Drug testing in animals
Animals are used to develop medical treatments, determine the toxicity of medications, check the safety of products destined for human use, and other biomedical, commercial, and health care uses.
Replication crisis
In several scientific fields, studies have repeatedly failed to replicate a significant proportion of previously published results. Even if this can be explained by errors, publication pressure and bias or even questionable research practices, the failure of replications undermines the role of science as a reliable producer of knowledge.