In translation you have to move the object up,down,left or right,for example if you want to make the object 4 unit right and 2 unit down you can find the point and move 4 unit right horizontal and 2 down vertical,in math we can simplify it to plus 4X and minus 2Y

If you want to make the object reverse you need to use the same number, and if it is positive and the first you have to make it negative so it will reflect.

The point about which figure rotates is called the centre of rotation, and is often labelled O. In any rotation, each point and its image are the same distance from O, the problem will ask you to do clockwise or conterclockwise

In enlargements and reductions it's a process of making a shape that is the same to become bigger or smaller, there will be ration relationship between it.

Congruence is the shape that exactly the same but similar is the shape looks the same bit the length or angle is different.

Angles on a line are supplementary, which means their sum is 180°.

Angles in right angle are complementary, which means their sum is 90°

The sum of the interior angles of an n-sided polygon is (n-2)X 180°