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Unit 1: What is Research? - Coggle Diagram
Unit 1: What is Research?
Meaning of Research
provides an opportunity to
confirm, clarify, pursue and discover
new aspects of a topic/ area of interest
a
formal, systematic
application of
scientific + disciplined inquiry
approach to study problems
scientific research
systemic process of inquiry based on compined empirical-rational principles
Sources of Knowledge
Experiences
find answers to questions through peronal experiences
wisdom passed down from generations
every individual experiences things differently
some things cannot learn from experiences
Authority
obtain from someone who has experience with the prob @ is an expert
could disagree among themselves @ be wrong
Deductive Reasoning
thinking process - from
general to specific
knowledge (logical arguement)
used to link theories and observations
must begine with true premises to obtain true conclusions
Inductive Reasoning
reaches conclusion
through
observing example
and
generalizing
from them
perfect induction is
highly unfeasible
imperfect induction is
more likely to be true
conclusions may subject to change if
new findings are made
Scientific Approach
intergrates inductive and deductive methods
empirical methods
move inductively from observations to hypothesize
logical reasoning
deductively from the hypotheses to logical implications of the hypotheses
Goal of Science
Describe, explain and predict
behaviour
Research Philosophy
belief about the way in which data about a phenomenon should be gathered, analysed and used
Positivism
sense data (reality is experienced) is the only legitimate source of knowledge
findings are reliable when they can be
repeatedly verified
Determinism
causes may determine effects or outcomes
used to identify and access causes that influence outcomes
Reductionism
reduce ideas into small, discrete sets of ideas to test
develop numeric measures
laws or theories need to be tested or verified
Interpretivism
interpret or understand the meanings behind
meanings are varied and multiple
Type of Researchs
Qualitative
collects
non-numerical data
Quantitative
collects
numerical data
Applied
applies
theories @ laws