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VIRTUE ETHICS - Coggle Diagram
VIRTUE ETHICS
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EUDAIMONIA
- Aristotle started from the teleological claim that every action is aimed at attaining some good
- some aims are subordinate to higher ends
- this suggests that there is some final and ultimate end to which every action is geared
- The final end is EUDAIMONIA
- For Aristotle, this was not pleasure, honour or wealth
- He worked out how he understood eudomonia through his function argument and examination of virtues
THE FUNCTION ARGUMENT
- Everything has a function
- goodness consists in performing ones function well (e.g knifes goodness lies in its capacity to cut efficiently
- everything living has a soul
- the nature of the soul determines the function e.g plant fulfils its function through taking I food & growing
- The uniqueness of the human soul lies in its capacity for rational though
- reasoning well is how humans attain goodness and that entails exercising virtue dor their entire lives
VIRTUES
- You must develop virtues through habit
- we must follow the example of virtuous people e.g ghandi or mother theresa
- 2 types of virtue:
- Intellectual: developed by teaching & education(e.g temperance, courage)
- Moral: cant be taught, come from habit & experience (e.g wisdom, cleverness)
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JUSTICE
- Aristotle listed justice as a virtue
- however it has no excess of deficiency
- its an altruistic virtue
- justice encompasses all other virtues