Please enable JavaScript.

Coggle requires JavaScript to display documents.

Chemistry for Life - Coggle Diagram

- - - - Monosaccharides: (CH2O)n
        Glucose, fructose, galactose
        99% ring forms
      - Disaccharides: (1' & 4' dehydration synthesis
        sucrose: glucose + fructose
        lactose: galactose + glucose
        Maltose: glucose + glucose
      - Polysaccharides
        
        Storage polysaccharides:
        Starch: stored form of sugars in plant, contain amylose (unbranched chains of glucose linked by 1-4 glycosidic linkage) & amylopectin (branched chains of glucose, most glucose connected by 1-4 glycosidic linkages, additional 1-6 linkages result in branch points)
        Glycogen: stored form of sugars in liver and muscle cells in vertebrates, highly branched, broken down when blood glucose is low
        
        Structural polysaccharides:
        cellulose (unbranched chains of beta glucose linked by 1-4 glycosidic linkages, and every other glucose is flipped over) major component of plant cell wall
        Chitin: resemble cellulose but made of modified glucose containing N, exoskeleton in arthropod
    - - Structure:
        Primary: sequence of amino acids
        Secondary: backbone interactions = hydrogen bond between H N O
        Tertiary: interactions between side chain groups
        Quaternary: interactions between subunits
  - - - Pyrimidines: 1 ring, C, T
      - Purines: 2 rings, A, G