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Environmental Factor- Thermal Condition Heat Stress - Coggle Diagram
Environmental Factor- Thermal Condition Heat Stress
Shelter from elements
Weather
Enemies (bugs, wild animals)
Our body generated heat .. ?
Rate of heat produced depends on our metabolic rate
Homiothermic (warmblooded) creatures
NIOSH Criteria document 1986
Total heat stress = metabolic heat +
environmental heat.
Recommended requirements are intended
to establish permissible limits
Metabolic rate
Our ability to generate heat is closely tied to the level of muscular activity.
Muscles contract and generate heat during physical activities.
Intense and prolonged activity leads to more heat production.
Heat generation through muscular activity helps regulate body temperature.
Inactivity or sedentary behavior reduces heat production.
Muscles can contract involuntarily (shivering) to generate heat when body temperature drops.
Regular exercise and physical activity contribute to maintaining a healthy body temperature.
Determination of Environmental Heat
WBGT is the accepted standard except when
wearing air/vapor impermeable clothing
Measure as close to the worker as practical
Wet Bulb Globe Tempeature (WBGT
Engineering Controls
When air temp > skin temp, reduce
convective heat gain
when the temp. of surrounding objects > skin temp., reduce radiative heat gain.
Increase evaporative heat loss by increasing air velocity or decreasing moisture sources into the environment.
Physiology of Heat Stress
The effect of factors
The body generates heat; is sensitive to external heat factor
The body tries to regulate internal temperatures naturally
Failure of natural cooling ability causes heat stress
Types of Heat Affecting
the Body
Air temperature
Humidity
Thermal radiation
Air flow (ventilation)
Symptoms of Heat Stress
Fatigue
Severe headaches
Nausea
Decreased performance : physical and mental
Causes of Heat Stress
High humidity + Heavy exercise
Illness
Intoxication
Poor physical condition
Wearing protective clothing
Heat Stress control program
Heat Stress Program
Parameters
Identify problem areas
Eliminate problems if possible
Monitor heat stress areas
Personnel Working in Heat
Stress Areas
Heat Exhaustion
symptoms
profuse sweating
pale and clammy skin
Dizziness
Nausea
First Aid
Loosen Clothing
take to medical
give sips of water if conscious
Heat stress prevention
Contact supervisor for temps > 32 Celsius
Drink water frequently
Know your own limitations
Heat stroke
symptoms: skin hot, flushed, dry, pulse fast and strong, breathing deep