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A&L Modals - Coggle Diagram
A&L Modals
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Permission
talking about
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could (about the past, for repeated actions)
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to be allowed to (both single and repeated in the past, negations, the future and so on)
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asking
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may/might (more formal, with I/we only)
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advice&criticism
advice (about present or future), modal + present infinitive
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criticism (about Past, modal + perfect infinitive)
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Obligation and Necessity
Obligation and Necessity
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Have to
For all tenses. When the necessity comes from outcide the speaker or whet others decide for him
Forms its questions and negations with do/does and did
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Ought to
Duty, it's the right thing to do but people don't always do it
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Prohibition
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can't (you are not allowed to, personal prohibition)
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Possibility
may/might/could + present/perfect infinitive
might - 30%
may - 50%
could - 70%
perfect infinitive - for the past
You might find some food in the fridge.
You could have stored my part of food for me.
We thought that you may have bought something...
Probability
ought to/should + present/perfect infinitive
perfect infinitive - for the past
We strongly think that smth is true, but may be wrong
We should have a flight on Monday.
We should have had a flight last Sunday.
Euro should have cost 100 rubles.