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PACKAGES AND DOCUMENTATION - Coggle Diagram
PACKAGES AND DOCUMENTATION
Java Packages
organize and group classes
prevent naming conflicts
Package Declaration
A Java file begins with a package declaration that specifies which package the file belongs to.
Custom Packages
create own packages
organize code effectively
Package Hierarchy
hierarchal structure
dot notation (e.g., com.example)
Import Statements
bring classes/interfaces/packages
access public members easily
Java API Overview
pre-written classes/interfaces
ready-to-use functionality
Standard API Packages
java.lang
java.util
java.io
java.net
java.awt
javax.swing
Using API Classes
import necessary packages
create objects of classes
access methods/variables
JAR Files
Archive files that package Java applications and libraries
Creating JAR Files
Use the 'jar' command-line tool to create JARs, specifying included files and options.
JAR File Structure
Contains compiled .class files, resources, and a manifest file with metadata about the JAR.
Running JAR Files
Execute JARs using the 'java' command with the '-jar' option and specify the entry point
Extracting JAR Files
Extract contents with the 'jar' tool or file archivers.
JAR File Dependencies
Specify dependencies in the manifest's 'Class-Path' attribute.
Packaging Libraries
Create self-contained packages by including dependencies within the JAR.
Executable JAR Files
Include a manifest 'Main-Class' attribute for direct execution with 'java -jar'.
JavaDoc
A tool provided for generating API documentation for Java code
.
It extracts information from Java source files and produces HTML pages containing the generated documentation.
Command Line Usage
JavaDoc can be invoked using the "javadoc" command in the command line.
Various options and arguments can be passed to customize the generated documentation
Standard Doclet
the default doclet provided by JavaDoc
generates HTML files with a standard layout, including class and package summaries, method details, and cross-references
Custom Doclets
Generate documentation in different formats or with specialized content.
Can be implemented by extending the Doclet API provided by JavaDoc.
Documentation Comments
Specially-formatted comments used to extract information.
Denoted by the "/
" and "
/" delimiters and can be placed above classes, methods, and fields.
Tags and Annotations
Used within doc comments to provide additional information.
Tags like
"@param
,"
"@return
," and
"@throws
" allow developers to describe parameters, return values, and exceptions.
HTML Output and Stylesheets
The generated documentation is in HTML format, which allows easy navigation and browsing.
JavaDoc provides default stylesheets for consistent and visually appealing documentation, but custom stylesheets can also be applied.
Integration with IDEs
JavaDoc is integrated with various IDEs, such as Eclipse and IntelliJ IDEA, allowing developers to generate documentation directly from within the IDE.
Additional Tools and Utilities
JavaDoc is often used in conjunction with other tools and utilities, such as build systems and documentation generators, to automate the documentation process.